How to Reset Your Forgotten Windows 7 Password the Easy Way

Forgetting your password is never any fun, but luckily there’s a really easy way to reset the password. All you need is a copy of the Windows installation disk and one simple command line trick.

Resetting Your Forgotten Windows Password

Boot off the Windows disk and select the “Repair your computer” option from the lower left-hand corner.

Follow through until you get to the option to open the Command Prompt, which you’ll want to select.

First you’ll want to type in the following command to backup the original sticky keys file:

copy c:\windows\system32\sethc.exe c:\

Then you’ll copy the command prompt executable (cmd.exe) over top of the sticky keys executable:

copy c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe c:\windows\system32\sethc.exe

Now you can reboot the PC.

Resetting the Password

Once you get to the login screen, hit the Shift key 5 times, and you’ll see an administrator mode command prompt.

Now to reset the password—just type the following command, replacing the username and password with the combination you want:

net user geek MyNewPassword

That’s all there is to it. Now you can login.

Of course, you’ll probably want to put the original sethc.exe file back, which you can do by rebooting into the installation CD, opening the command prompt, and copying the c:\sethc.exe file back to c:\windows\system32\sethc.exe.

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Linksys PAP2T-NA 2-ATA Review

The Linksys PAP2T-NA 2-Line analog telephone adapter(ata) allows you to connect your analog telephones to voip servers. It supports the SIP protocol and has been reliable, loud and clear. It supports audible message waiting indicator(mwi) and also visual message waiting indicator so the message waiting light shows upon my Panasonic cordless phone. I have found a Canadian supplier(no brokerage charges) and it is available at a great price.

The web interface is clear and extensive. It is extremely configurable and I have not found any negatives yet. I highly recommend it.

The “NA” version is unlocked and is not tied to any specific service provider.

Linksys PAP2T

The Linksys PAP2T Internet Phone Adapter enables high-quality feature-rich VoIP (voice over IP) service through your broadband Internet connection. Just plug it into your home Router or Gateway and use the two standard telephone ports to connect analogue phones or use one of the ports for a fax machine.

Linksys PAP2T VoIP Adapter Overview

The Linksys PAP2T-NA Internet Phone Adapter enables high-quality feature-rich VoIP (voice over IP) service through your broadband Internet connection. Just plug the Linksys PAP2T into your home Router or Gateway and use the two standard telephone ports to connect analog phones or use one of the ports for a fax machine. Each phone port operates independently, with separate phone service and phone numbers, like having two telephone lines. You'll get clear reception and a reliable fax connection, even while using the Internet at the same time.

Linksys PAP2T Features and Functions

• Enables feature-rich telephone service over your broadband Internet connection
• Two standard telephone ports for analog phones or use one of the ports for a fax machine, each with an independent phone number
• High quality, clear sounding voice service simultaneous with Internet use
• Compatible with all common telephone features: Caller ID, Call Waiting, Voicemail, etc.

Linksys PAP2T Downloads

Cisco PAP2T, SPA-2102, SPA-3102, SPA-8000, SPA-8800 Admin Guide (Size: 2.7 MB)
Cisco PAP2T Datasheet (Size: 111.9 KB)
Cisco PAP2T User Guide (Size: 1.8 MB)
Cisco PAP2T Quick Start Guide (Size: 46.3 KB)

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Escaping Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)

I have an Internet connection and an SIP based analog telephone adapter (ATA) and you have the same. Why can’t we call each other directly? Well we can but most people don’t have things setup for this to work. There is also potential for this to work as smoothly as we connect to a web page but there is not much incentive for service providers to help people bypass them and standards that seek to support this are not widely enough adopted yet. The users are the only ones with the incentive on this and at this point it is possibly more difficult to setup than they would prefer.

The Internet has a great way to match up a unique URL like http://www.pakitong.com with the unique ip address of the server that hosts this web page. This standard service is called Domain Name Service (DNS) and it’s wide adoption makes the Internet a much more useful place. There is another standard which attempts to do the same with another unique piece of information: the phone number. That standard is called e164. It seeks to match up your unique phone number with an email address, website, VoIP addresses or more on the Internet. I would recommend e164.org to learn more about it.

This standard holds great promise but needs to be implemented in the software in the devices connected to the phone. The soft phone, analog telephone adapter (ATA) or the PBX, whatever it is that interfaces your phone with the Internet. The idea is for the calling device to check the e164 directory first when dialing a phone number to see if it is possible to connect directly to the number over the Internet before then trying it through the public switched telephone network (PSTN). A good example of a device that could do something like this is the Cisco SPA3102 Voice Gateway. It is a good product but I never was able to configure it so that there was no echo on the analog phone line. The next problem is that hardly anyone lists themselves in any of the e164 directory services. So if you have everything setup to work you will have no one to call. Support for e164 will require some sort of critical mass before it gets that kind of support. Until that time it is still possible to bypass the phone company and be ready for that day.

I have to confess, my preferred solution is to have two phones. One connected to the phone company and one (the long distance phone) connected to a flexible voip service like Voip.ms. I continue to use the “plain old telephone service”. It is very well engineered and it integrates better with 911 service. I find that supplementing it with voip service is cost effective and gives me some extra flexibility.

My preferred ATA is the Cisco PAP2T-NA. I have family in other parts of the country. We tend to call them frequently so it is cost effective for all of us to adopt the dual phone strategy. Either ATA can be configured to dial a “hotline number” direct to the other ATA over the Internet before using the voip service in the dial plan.

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A must-have apps for your new Android smartphone

If you’re new to Android and you’re not quite sure which apps to install on your smartphone then you’ll find some suggestions here. There’s a good chance your new phone came with a bunch of apps pre-installed. Some of them will prove useful; some will turn out to be bloatware. As you cast your discerning eye across Google Play you’ll find hundreds of thousands of options. You can’t have them all, so take your time and pick the cream of the crop.

There are some pretty obvious early downloads so we’ll skip DropBox, Facebook and Twitter, and we’ll merge Google’s wares into our first entry. The rest of the entries on our list are a mixed bunch, some well-known, some not so, but they all have something in common – these are all must-have apps for your new Android smartphone.

Google Apps (Free)

You’ll find a bunch of Google apps pre-installed on your new Android smartphone, including the excellent Gmail and Google Maps, but there are others you’ll want to seek out and install straight away. Take advantage of free cloud storage and enjoy the ability to access files from anywhere with Google Drive. Do the same with music by grabbing Google Play Music. All of Google’s apps are great so you should also check out Google+, Chrome, Sky Map, Google Goggles, and the rest of the gang.

Best Apps Market (Free)

When you have more than 700,000 apps to choose from it can be tricky to uncover those hidden gems. Best Apps Market is a powerful app discovery tool that helps you to find the apps and games that you really want. It is fast, easy to use, and packed with solid recommendations and plenty of filters to narrow down your searches.

TuneIn Radio (Free)

Whether you like to have tunes playing or you want to catch up with the latest sports scores you’ll find that TuneIn has got you covered. Free access to over 70,000 radio stations and over 2 million podcasts means you can always find something worth listening to. It’s easy to use, you can search for the content you want and find it, and even if the app can’t play exactly what you want it will find something similar.

Flipboard (Free)

This is one of those news aggregator magazine apps. You enter the topics you are interested in and get a stream of top articles from some of the best sources on the web. It has all the usual filter options and as much social media integration as you can handle. What elevates it above other great news aggregator apps like Pulse is the simple joy of the flip animation as you flick through stories.

Instagram (Free)

100 million users can’t be wrong. Instagram is a great way to enhance your photos and it features a set of unique filters to get the exact look you want. It’s easy to share your creations and interact with other people. If you’re not keen on joining Instagram there are some great alternative Android photography apps like PicSay, Pixlr-o-matic and Snapseed.

Avast! Mobile Security (Free)

The hysteria about Android malware is starting to reach fever pitch. The reason Android malware is on the rise is simple – it has far more users than any other platform. If you’re sensible about what you install there’s no need for alarm, but if you’d rather have peace of mind and snag some anti-theft tools while you’re at it, then you need Avast! This is by far the best security app for Android.

Gmote 2.0 (Free)

This handy app converts your Android smartphone into a remote control for your PC or laptop. Install the app on your phone, the server software on your computer, and when you load it up you can use your phone as a remote control for movies or music. You can also browse your files, browse the web, and stream music to your phone. It’s very straightforward and it’s completely free.

Netflix (Free)

Obviously you’ll need a Netflix subscription to take advantage of this app and that will cost you $8 or £6 per month. That fee will give you access to a load of movies and TV shows which you can stream to your computer, laptop, game console, smartphone or tablet. The great thing about the Android Netflix app is that you can use it as a remote control and second screen to browse content while you are watching something else via your PS3.

Kindle (Free)

Amazon offers a great choice of eBooks and the Kindle app allows you to easily sync your progress, so you can pick up where you left off last night on your Kindle with your smartphone on the morning commute. You can also use it to access magazines or newspapers and it has a handy built-in dictionary. If you don’t already use Amazon for eBooks or own a Kindle then you might prefer Aldiko, which is a great, free eBook app.

Tasker ($6.49)

There’s no getting away from the steep learning curve with Tasker, but it is, without doubt, the best way to unleash the potential of your Android smartphone. Tasker is all about automation. You can set triggers and rules for everything. Switch to silent mode at specific times or in specific locations, automate emails or SMS, set an alarm to wake you up with a random song from your collection, automatically cycle your wallpaper – the possibilities are endless.

Xbox SmartGlass (Free)

If you don’t have an Xbox 360 then move along there’s nothing to see here. If you do then the SmartGlass app is a no-brainer. First and foremost it’s a remote control for your Xbox 360 so you can browse content and control it. You can also use it to browse the web. The exciting potential is second screen functionality so you can access more information on what you are watching through the app or even enjoy extended gameplay for some games.

doubleTwist (Free)

Here’s a good iTunes replacement for Android newbies. Sync music, create playlists, download album artwork, subscribe to podcasts, and stream music, video or photos to your PS3, Xbox 360 or Apple TV from your Android smartphone. You can import from iTunes so it’s a great solution for people with a big iTunes collection (you could also use Google Play Music). If you want to go wireless you have to splash out for AirSync ($5).

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Understanding the difference between AMOLED vs LCD

Display technology is often a key battleground when it comes to top of the line handsets. But it’s not just display resolution and screen size that you’ll find on a spec sheet, manufactures also list different display types to choose between as well. Often you’ll find that manufactures stick to a particular display type, such as Samsung with its AMOLED technology or HTC opting for LCD, citing certain benefits over the competitions’ technology.

So let’s find out if really there’s a noticeable difference between these two displays technologies, if there is what sort of differences we can expect, and if the company marketing hype is to be believed.

The technology

First things first, let’s quickly go over the technological differences between the two display types before we delve into how this affects the consumer experience.

We’ll start with LCD, which stands for Liquid Crystal Display. The properties of this liquid crystal are a little complicated, but the important thing to know is that liquid crystals untwist when an electric charge is applied to them, which affects the frequency of the light transmitted through it. Combine this will two polarized panels and you can control the flow of light by twisting and untwisting the crystal molecules.

However, these liquid crystal materials don’t emit any light of their own, so a backlight is used behind the filter layer in order to generate light. A grid of integrated circuits is then used to control each pixel, by sending a charge down into a specific row or column. Colors are created by the use of red, green, and blue filters, known as sub pixels, which are then blended by varying degrees to produce different colors.

The construction of a red LCD pixel

AMOLED, on the other hand, uses lots of tiny colored light emitting diodes (LEDs) to produce light and different colors, which sounds quite a bit simpler. By adjusting the voltage, and therefore the brightness, of each of these red, green, and blue LEDs you can create a wide range of colors, or lack of colors (blacks).

The showdown

The most noticeable difference between these two screen types is the range of colors that can be displayed. The available colors that can be displayed are known as the color gamut, which is a portion of all colors that can be seen by the human eye.

Most types of media fit into the standard RBG color gamut, which most LCD screens aim to match. This is often why LCD screens are considered to be the most natural, but that’s simply because it most closely matches the color range used by other sorts of media. AMOLED displays offer a much larger gamut than LCDs, which can cause images to look much more vibrant.

The reason for the large differences lies in the way that these technologies work. Because LEDs can be individually controlled to a much greater extent, and development isn’t so concerned with the quality of filters as is the case with LCD, it allows the display to produce a wider gamut due to superior blending of primary colors. Another benefit of AMOLED is the greater control over blacks, which is achieved by dimming or turning off individual LEDs.

A gamut comparison between the Galaxy S4′s AMOLED display and the HTC One’s LCD display. The curved shape represents the visible spectrum, the black triangle is the sRGB gamut, and the white line is each display’s gamut. Notice the additional greens and blues with the S4.

However, a wider range of colours isn’t always better, as it can lead to images look oversaturated and can cause pictures to end up looking a tad distorted in extreme cases.

The strange thing here though is that LCD manufactures often aren’t satisfied with the look of their displays. In an attempt to make their displays look more vibrant, possibly just to keep up with the marketing of AMOLED displays, some LCD device manufactures often mess around with the levels of saturation, which can also end up ruining the color balance. If you’re looking for vibrant colors, then you’re probably better off with an AMOLED display with a decent colour balance, rather than an oversaturated LCD display. If you’re interested in a closer look at AMOLED/LCD saturation, then I highly recommend this video by Erica Griffin.

But it’s not all bad news for AMOLED displays, the technology does have some advantages over LCD. For a start the viewing angle tends to be a bit wider, as light can only travel through the LCDs crystal molecules and polarized panels at a limited angle, although this does vary from handset to handset. LEDs also react faster to changes in voltage than crystal molecules, which means that response times are often faster on AMOLED displays too.

One final point to consider is power consumption. As LCD displays are constantly powered by a backlight they tend to draw more power than OLED based displays, which can turn off LEDs when displaying darker images. However, different colored LEDs have different levels of power consumption, so energy draw is more consistent and predictable when used LCD technology.

This chart shows the lifespan of different colored PHOLEDs. Although the technology is a little different to AMOLED, the difference in colour lifespans is typical of all LED based displays.

The different LED energy levels can also shorten the lifespan of the displays. The blue pixels in LED displays require the most energy to power, but that also means that they can burn out faster. After a long time this can result in a slight tinting over part or all of an AMOLED display.

So which display wins

I know it’s a cop out, and you might here this a lot, but in the end it really is down to personal preference. Even within the same display types there are varying levels of saturation, gamut, and differences in calibration, so picking the best display type for yourself isn’t really an exact science. You could like HTC’s LCD displays but absolutely hate the look of LG’s. Typically, those looking for more vibrant displays will be better off with AMOLED, but well built and properly calibrated LCDs may provide a more realistic look.

On top of that, each technology has its own advantages and disadvantages that are also worth considering. If you’re looking for a long lasting display then you might be better off with LCD to avoid pixel degradation, whilst consumers looking for a better battery life and a wide range of colors could be better off with AMOLED. - source

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NeoRouter for Android

1. Overview

NeoRouter for Android enables users to remotely access and manage Windows, Mac and Linux computers right from your Android devices. NeoRouter is a cross-platform zero-configuration VPN solution that securely connects your computers and devices at any locations into a virtual LAN and provides a networking platform for various applications like remote desktop, VNC, SSH, etc. On devices with Android 4.x and above, NeoRouter for Android operates in VPN mode. User can seamlessly access remote computers by their virtual IP addresses using any app. On devices with Android 3.x and below, NeoRouter for Android operates in Tunnel mode. User needs to configure dynamic or static port forward tunnels. It only works with apps that use outgoing TCP connections.

2. VPN mode for Android 4.x and above

This guide assumes that user had previously setup a NeoRouter Domain and added remote computers. Please read User's Manual for complete setup instructions. Launch NeoRouter for Android and Sign In. The sign-in experience on Android is similar to that on Windows and Mac. When you see the VPN connection warning dialog, please check "I trust this application" and then click Ok.

Once you have signed in, you will see the list of remote computers in your network. If online, a computer is shown in bold with a color icon. It is also assigned a virtual IP address as shown inside the parenthesis. You can long-click on an online computer to copy its virtual IP Address. You can also long-click an offline computer to wake-on-LAN.

Launch ConnectBot, enter "user@{virtual ip address}", and you will connect to the remote computer via SSH.

To exit NeoRouter VPN, you can click Menu - Exit. Alternatively you can open the key icon in the notification area and then click the disconnect button in the VPN status dialog.

3. Tunnel Mode for Android 3.x and below

3.1 Quick start using dynamic port forward

Using ConnectBot as example, I will show you how to setup NeoRouter for Android within minutes. This guide assumes that user had previously setup a NeoRouter Domain and added remote computers. Please read our User's Manual for complete setup instructions. Download and install NeoRouter from Android market. Launch NeoRouter for Android and Sign In. The sign-in experience on Android is similar to that on Windows and Mac. Once you have signed in, you will see the list of remote computers in your network. If online, a computer is shown in bold with a color icon. It is also assigned a virtual IP address as shown inside the parenthesis.

Long-click on an online computer and you will see the launch pad dialog with a list of applications/ports. Choose SSH (22) from the list and NeoRouter will setup port forward from localhost:32973 to the SSH port of the remote computer.

Launch ConnectBot, enter "user@localhost:32973", and you will connect to the remote computer via SSH. Tip: if you need multiple SSH connections concurrently, you can add multiple entries to localhost:32973 in ConnectBot by changing the Nick Name property. See ConnectBot's FAQ for more information.

If you need to connect to a different computer or to use a different application, you can simply repeat the above steps to setup a different Dynamic Port Forward in NeoRouter. Then new connections to localhost:32973 will be forwarded to this new remote address. The change does not interrupt existing connections.

3.2 Configure Dynamic Port Forward

Port Forward in NeoRouter shares the same basic concept as port tunneling using SSH. The NeoRouter Android application will listen at ports on localhost and forward connections to these ports to the remote computer over the virtual private network. NeoRouter supports both Static Port Forward and Dynamic Port Forward. Static Port Forward With Static Port Forward, user assigns a local port for every remote [server:port]. For example, if a user needs access to two remote computers for SSH and VNC, he/she will need to create four static port forward mappings as shown in the screenshot below. NeoRouter will listen at all these local ports and forward the incoming connections according to the mappings. To edit static port forward, user needs to sign in, then click "menu" - "Settings" - "Configure Static Port Forward".

Dynamic Port Forward With Dynamic Port Forward, NeoRouter always listens at port 32973 of localhost, and user can specify remote computer and port dynamically by long-click a computer then choose a port. After setting remote computer and port, new connections to localhost:32973 will be forwarded to this remote address. User can change the remote address at any time without interrupting existing connections. By default, NeoRouter supports three remote ports: SSH (22), VNC (5900) and RDP (3389). To change the default settings, user can sign in, click "menu" - "Settings" - "Configure Dynamic Port Forward". Note that "$NRIPAddress" will be replaced with the IP address of the remote computer.

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Why hasn’t anyone made an Android powered WiFi router?

Consumer networking equipment doesn’t get a lot of attention, frankly because no one really cares. You buy a router, it works, and you forgot about it because it’s hidden behind a table. Once or twice a year you have to reboot it, but other than that … why bother upgrading? Sure, there was the transition from 802.11b to 802.11g, then 802.11n after that, and now we’re waiting for 802.11ac to become a standard, but I’d like to propose something a bit different. I want to see someone make a WiFi router that runs Android.

Think of all the things you could do if you had a box that could run applications all day, every day. Geeks call such a box a server. Some of you probably already have a network attached storage device. But I’m thinking big here. Take a look at this Kickstarter project called “AdTrap”. It’s a box that sits between your modem and your router. Instead of installing an ad blocker on your computer, AdTrap removes ads before they even touch your WiFi router. It’s a great idea, but isn’t it just software? Why does such a feature require additional hardware?

Think of all the other things you could install on a router that could run apps. Your torrenting app is the first obvious example. Dropbox could make an app that replaces your NAS. Someone could make a peer to peer social network that doesn’t require a massive server farm. Opera could make an app that routes all your network traffic through their compression algorithm. Facebook could make an app so that all your friends can use your WiFi network should they happen to be visiting. The possibilities are endless!

How would one even install and configure apps on such a router? In much the same way that it’s done today. You type in an IP address, username, password, and you’re in. If Chinese companies can make sub $100 Android phones that have 3G and GPS, then surely someone could make an Android powered WiFi router.

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Test Drive Google Android OS on Windows 7

XDA-Developers forum member xda2_haseeb has managed to extract and run Android Emulator on Windows which comes as a part of Google Android SDK package. For those of you who want to take Android on a ride for general OS look and feel can use this standalone Android Emulator which is patched to run on a Windows PC as a standalone app without having to download and install the complete Android SDK.

Installation instructions for standalone Android Emulator on Windows

1. Download Android Emulator v1.5 for Windows.
2. Extract the contents of the .rar file.
3. Now rename the extracted folder to "Android-Emulator".
4. Download the patched executable files from here.
5. Copy/Paste these patched files into the newly named “Android-Emulator” folder.

That’s it! You can now test and run the complete emulated mobile Android OS on your computer without having to download and install the SDK. You can even install Android compatible apps on it. Check out this link for more on installing apps and moving files on and off the phone. I have tested it on Windows 7 x64 and it works flawlessly on it. Now if only someone could come up with a way to install HTC Hero’s Sense UI on it!

Download Android Emulator 1.5 for Windows

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Ericsson to cut near 9 percent of Swedish staff amid downturn

Ericsson is to cut 1,550 staff in Sweden as the world’s biggest maker of mobile phone networks aims to drive down costs in an industry facing a global slowdown.

The exterior of Ericsson’s headquarters are seen in Stockholm April 30, 2009.

Competition has pushed down telecom gear prices while global economic weakness has led to slower spending by operators, pressuring vendors in the industry.

In the third quarter, Ericsson’s core profit fell 42 percent due to slower orders and a shift in business mix to less profitable contracts. The company said then it would focus on cost cuts.

Announcing the layoff of 1,550 staff in Sweden, out of the 17,768 currently employed, Ericsson said the redundancies were inevitable.

“We must ensure that we can continue to execute on our strategy to maintain our market leadership, invest in R&D and meet our customers’ needs,” Tomas Qvist, head of human resources at Ericsson said in a statement.

“To secure this we need to focus on reducing cost, driving commercial excellence and operational effectiveness. ”

The company stuck to its forecast for total restructuring costs this year of 4 billion crowns ($597 million), a spokeswoman said. Its shares slipped 0.7 percent on the news.

Ericsson is not the only one suffering.

Earlier this month, rival Alcatel-Lucent (said it could sell assets to strengthen its balance sheet after posting a second straight quarterly loss.

Nokia Siemens NOKI.UL is cutting a quarter of its staff hoping for 1 billion euros in cost savings by the end of next year while China’s ZTE Corp and Huawei Technologies Co Ltd, the world’s second-largest telecom gear maker, are also grappling with weakening sales.

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ZTE ZXV10 H618B with Tomato Firmware

CPU1: Broadcom BCM5354 (240 MHz)
FLA1: 16 MB (Spansion S29GL128P)
RAM1: 32 MB (Hynix HY5DU561622FTP-5)
Expansion IF types: USB 2.0
USB ports: 1
WI1 chip1: Broadcom BCM5354
WI1 802dot11 protocols: bg
WI1 antenna connector: U.FL
ETH Chip1: Broadcom BCM5354
Switch: Broadcom BCM5354
LAN speed: 10/100
LAN ports: 4
WAN ports: 1

Third party firmware supported: DD-WRT, TomatoUSB

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10 Great Command Line Tricks

There are a great number of command line tricks. There are a few that are easy and good for less experienced Linux users too. These commands are worth remembering and memorizing.

Commnad line tricks, Linux, Bash, Data, Reference, Remote control, Reference, MPlayer, Bandwidth, SSH, Kiddies

As cited on tuxradar.com, here are 10 that such command line tricks -

1. Making your own Bash wormholes - The mkfifo command makes a pipe for sharing data, connecting two running utilities with a kind of command line wormhole. The data that is sent into one end will instantly appear at the other end. The 'fifo' component of the command makes reference to the nature of the pipe - the data that's first comes in and out. You can create the pipe by typing mkfifo, followed by the name that you want to call it. Once you have created the pipe, you only need to route data into it. For eg

mkfifo fifo_pipe
tail -f fifo_pipe

2. Remote control MPlayer – Mplayer can be controlled from a console, a shell script or even over the network. It tells the program to accept commands from the stdin stream in place of keystrokes. You can combine this with the -input option, and commands are read from a file, or a FIFO. For example, in one terminal you can put:

mkfifo ~/mplayer-control
mplayer -slave -input file=/home/user/mplayercontrol
filetoplay
In another terminal-
echo "pause" >~/mplayer-control

The command will pause the currently running MPlayer and issue a command that will resume playback.

3. Sharing files in an easy manner - File sharing with Samba or NFS is easy once it is set up on both computers. What about file transfer to another computer on the network without the need for setting up software? If the file size is small it can be emailed. In the event of the computers being in the same room and USB devices being used on both, you can use a USB flash drive. The other option is Woof. This is a Python script that can run on any Linux (or similar) computer. You can download the script from the homepage at www.home.unix-ag.org/ simon/woof.html and make it run. You can then share the file by using this command.

./woof /path/to/myfile

4. Locate lost files – If you save a file or a download and are unable to locate it then you can use -

find ~ -type f -mtime 0

This command will display all files in your home directory that have been modified or created today.

5. Bandwidth hogs - A solution to this is a handy script known as Wonder Shaper that makes use of tc (traffic control) command to limit overall bandwidth use to slightly below the maximum on offer. You can get it from http://lartc.org/wondershaper, put the wshaper script somewhere in your path - /usr/ local/bin is a good choice -and edit the start of the script to suit your system. Set DOWNLINK and UPLINK to just below your maximum bandwidth (in kilobits/s) and run it. You should now find that heavy uploads, like putting photos on Flickr, no longer drag your modem to its knees.

6. Fixing broken passwords with chroot - The chroot or (change root) command is for setting up a working environment within a directory. The root in the name refers to the root directory, not the root user (or superuser). Chroot installs a 'jailed' system within the specified directory which has no access to the rest of the system. For fixing a broken password, for example, you can boot from a live CD, mount your disk's root filesystem at /mnt/tmp and do this:

sudo -i
mount --bind /dev /mnt/tmp/dev
mount -t proc none /mnt/tmp/proc
chroot /mnt/bin/bash

7. Password-free SSH – By using SSH, connecting to a remote computer is convenient with certain disadvantages. You can type the password every time you connect. This can be annoying in an interactive shell but not acceptable with a script as you need the password in the script. The other way is by cracking the password. You can set up a SSH to work with no passwords at all. You need to first set up a pair of keys for SSH, using ssh-keygen like this to generate RSA keys (change the argument to dsa for DSA keys). ssh-keygen -t rsa

This leads to creation of two files in ~/.ssh, id_rsa (or id_dsa) with your private key and id_rsa. pub with your public key. You can now copy the public key to the remote computer and add it to the authorised keys list with - cat id_rsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys

You can log out of the SSH session and restart. You need to repeat this for each user and each remote computer. For securing this further you need to add - PasswordAuthentication no

to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. This makes SSH to refuse all connection without a key, making password-cracking impossible.

8. Blocking script kiddies - There are many ways to avoid this. The best one is to close port 22 on your router for not allowing anyone to get in. Another option is running a program like Fail2ban (http://fail2ban.sourceforge. net) or DenyHosts (www.denyhosts.net). The third option is attempting to crack SSH by assuming it runs on the standard port 22; changing that to a random, high-numbered port and the crack attempts disappear. Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config and change the Listen directive to something like this:

Listen 31337

and restart sshd. The only problem with this is the inconvenience of having to add this port number to the ssh command each time you log in but you can use an alias in order to take care of it.

alias myssh ssh -p 31337

9. Reclaiming disk space – By filling a partition to 100 per cent can lead to unpleasant effects on your system. If services and other programs cannot write to their log files, data cannot be saved in /var. To prevent this, the ext2 and ext3 filesystems reserve 5% of their capacity for only root processes to use. Tune2fs is used for tuning different parameters of an ext2 (or ext3) file system. You can use it to change the volume label or the number of mounts between forced execution of fsck and a host of other, more esoteric settings, but the options we are interested in here are -m and -r.

tune2fs -m 2 /dev/sda1

This leads to a reduction in the reserved area to 2 per cent of the filesystem. This may be great if you have a really large / or /var filesystem. In case you are using a 500GB drive or larger, this is the best option.

This line of code:
tune2fs -r 0 /dev/sda1

This sets the filesystem with no reserved blocks, a good setting for /home that doesn't require a reserved area for the superuser.

10. Making packages - When building from source with the use of standard autotools method of ./configure && make && make install, install CheckInstall first. You can get this from www.asic-linux. com.mx/~izto/checkinstall. Even though it is there in your distro's repositories. You can Run this in place of make install and, instead of installing the new files directly to your filesystem, it builds a package and then installs that. CheckInstall functions with Deb, RPM and Slackware packages. You can specify the type in a config file by - ./configure && make && checkinstall

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This Controversial Invention Promises to Banish All Web Ads

The unassuming rectangular box that you’re seeing can, in some ways, be thought of as a time machine.

Its inventors, Chad Russell and Charles Butkus, conceived of the device as a way for users to surf web pages without being inundated by the proliferation of advertisements, reminiscent of how people experienced it in the good old early days of the internet. “The idea started as a casual conversation with a friend about how cluttered the internet had become,” says Russell. “These days not only do you have banner ads, but also video commercials and advertising embedded into you mobile apps. They’re everywhere.”

After testing several hacked “Linux boxes” as prototypes, the duo came up with AdTrap, a mini-computer that connects to both your router and modem, and functions as an advertising firewall. The final product was designed to be entirely hardware-based so that it automatically removes all ads without the need for installed software or configuration. Simply plug it in and the low-powered machine instantly blocks out display ads, app-based ads and even the type of video ads commonly programmed into your favorite YouTube videos. And, it enables users to do this on every one of their devices.

“The unique thing about AdTrap is that it is run on a full web server, so it has better ad blocking abilities than just software,” Russell says. “And the ability to prevent video commercials from rolling is a new innovation, which I believe makes it interesting.”

Only a month after launching a funding campaign in November on the crowdsourcing site Kickstarter, Russell and his development team at the Palo Alto-based security software startup Bluepoint Security well exceeded their fundraising goal, finishing with $213,392 worth of seed money.

Since the simple days of text, photos and links, online advertising has become big business, essentially subsidizing much of what exists on the web. Data from the Interactive Advertising Bureau reveals that a record $20 billion was spent on advertising in the first half of this year alone, doubling the amount spent in 2007.

Third party solutions designed to combat this intrusive trend isn’t anything new. Popular browser plug-ins like AdBlock Plus have been widely available for a a few years now, and fundamentally, AdTrap employs many of the same strategies. But the mere fact that users can put in place such comprehensive ad filtering, and do it with such ease, can, in the long run, pose a substantial threat to the main source of revenue for a vast percentage of major publications (not to mention Silicon Valley stalwarts such as Facebook and Google).

As the project has rolled ahead (shipment began in August), Russell has yet to receive a single legal challenge or even stir up any complaints. He isn’t at all surprised since he sees the device as neatly falling into the same category as other widely-accepted means of filtering internet content, such as firewall security systems and parental control software like NetNanny. He also doesn’t think of the project as a means of waging war on advertising.

“We are not against ads,” says Russell. “The main problem with the way a lot of advertisements work nowadays is that they encroach upon people’s privacy by collecting data on their online activity, which many prefer outside parties not to have. Basically, internet users are paying for content by trading in their private information.”

Russell is hardly alone in working towards developing alternatives that would help users protect their privacy. Recently, a team of former Google employees figured out a way to buck their former employers by releasing Disconnect search, a free browser plug-in that prevents search engines such Google, Bing and Yahoo from keeping tabs on your search habits. The uprising against the long arm of marketing has reached a level where Russell says that even advertisers are fearing broader ramifications on the industry as a whole.

In fact, he mentioned that the company has begun negotiating with a small number of prominent firms to formulate a model that just might work better for all parties involved. For example, a few of the discussions have revolved around a potential opt-in system that gives users the choice to allow for ads from certain parties in exchange for a small payment. The advantage for sellers, he explains, is the potential to receive more individual attention from audiences without having them become annoyed by the sheer barrage of flashing click bait.

Even so, there are still other pressing concerns. Like, for instance, what if the technology eventually takes off? Would the internet, as a whole, suffer? Will it lead to sites cutting back on content, or might cash-strapped outlets resort to producing cheaper, lower-quality content?

Russell argues that online publishers need to continue evolving as they’ve always been. He points out that other media entities, like Pandora, have shifted to giving users a choice between having to listen to ads and the option of a commercial-free paid subscription.

“Listen, I wouldn’t like to see every site put up a paywall either,” says Russell. “But when you rely solely on advertising, it’s almost like you’re saying content isn’t worth anything. People should be allowed other means to subsidize content. If you’re against that, it makes me wonder what the value of that content is in the first place.” - source

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VirtualBox 4.3.0 adds multi-touch, webcam support, and allows users to video-capture sessions

Oracle has released VirtualBox 4.3.0, a major update to its open-source virtualization tool for Windows, Mac and Linux. Version 4.3 introduces a virtual multi-touch user interface, adds new virtual devices including webcams, as well as a session-recording facility, plus offers improved networking functionality.

In addition, VirtualBox 4.3.0 also extends official support to the latest builds of Windows, OS X and Linux, including the forthcoming Windows 8.1 and Max OS X 10.9 Mavericks.

The major highlight in version 4.3 is a new virtual multi-touch interface to support touch-based operating systems. In the case of Windows 8.1, users can now simulate a 10 point multi-touch device.

In addition to supporting multi-touch screens, VirtualBox 4.3 also finally introduces experimental support for webcams to complement existing pass-through features -- in our initial tests using a C270 webcam, we were able to get it recognised and installed for the first time, but performance was sluggish and full of glitches.

Other additions include SCSI CD-ROM emulation (including boot support) and support for IPv6 in the VRDP. Users should also gain performance improvements when using Intel VT-x or AMD-V hardware virtualisation thanks to a major rewrite of the relevant code to deliver enhanced performance and bug fixes.

The graphical user interface also adds support for video-capture of the guest screen via the Devices menu -- videos are recorded in the new WebM format for easy sharing online.

In addition, non-critical warnings and general information are no longer shown in separate pop-up windows, but instead are overlaid at the top of the virtual screen where they can be read (and cleared) at leisure. Users also gain the ability to manage keyboard shortcuts for both VirtualBox and VMs using the File > Preferences > Input dialog.

Aside from adding IPv6 support, VirtualBox 4.3 also adds a new experimental virtual router mode (NAT router), which allows several virtual machines to share the same internal network.

The update also contains a number of significant improvements and bug fixes – all documented in detail at the changelog. Notable improvements include VBoxManage automatically unregistering exclusive hard disk images when a VM is removed and re-enabling support for taking live VM snapshots as well as Teleportation.

Oracle VM VirtualBox 4.3 is available now as a free, open-source download for Windows, Mac and Linux. Also available for free -- in a non-commercial capacity -- is the VirtualBox Extension Pack 4.3.0.

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The World’s First 4G/LTE Speedtest on TeliaSonera in Stockholm

In October 2009 Long Term Evolutionist featured interoperability testing for Samsung GT-B3710 USB LTE modem on TeliaSonera’s LTE network in Stockholm.

In December, TeliaSonera became the first operator in the world to offer commercial 4G/LTE services, in the central parts of Stockholm and Oslo.The Stockholm 4G city network is supplied by Ericsson. The Oslo 4G city network is supplied by Huawei.

TeliaSonera has three nation wide 4G/LTE licenses in the 2.6 GHz frequency band; in Sweden, Norway and Finland. The agreement with Ericsson and Nokia Siemens Networks cover network roll out during 2010 and 2011.

During TeliaSonera’s LTE launch event, download speeds that exceeded 40 Mbps were achieved, judging by Bredbandskollen. The upload speeds measured were more in line with the 5 Mbps that Northstream experienced.

Recently a market research company, Northstream tested 4G/LTE network using Samsung GT-B3710 USB LTE modem on TeliaSonera’s LTE network in Stockholm.

Here’s the LTE Speedtest report,

Overall first LTE experience is a very positive one.It works, and that’s respectable.The instalation of Samsung USB LTE modem is very easy suprisingly both connection manager software and modem firmware required an immediate upgrade.

Browsing experience was rather good.Lower latency compared to 3G networks. But the throughput measurements were sort of a disappointment.It never exceeded 12 Mbps in downlink even though TeliaSonera boasts super-fast mobile broadband speeds up to 10 times higher than with Turbo-3G.. More impressive in that case was the 5 Mbps uplink.

TeliaSonera’s LTE network, which uses spectrum in the 2.6GHz band, is still in its infancy. The distance from Northstream’s offices to a base station could explain the lower-than-expected download speed, according to Northstream CEO Bengt Nordström.

“It seems like the capacity drops off fast as the distance from a base station increases,” said Nordström.

Questions to TeliaSonera about the distance from its offices to a base station went unanswered, according to Nordström.

TeliaSonera does not want to enter a technical discussion on why Northstream was not able to get higher speeds, according to a spokeswoman.

The actual bandwidth in any kind of mobile network will vary depending on where you are, the number of users in the network and what kind of service the subscriber is using, she said.

TeliaSonera continues the build out of 4G in Sweden and Norway. The common 4G/LTE core network will be delivered by Ericsson and the radio networks by Ericsson and Nokia Siemens Networks.

TeliaSonera’s current 4G networks cover the central city areas of Stockholm and Oslo. The 4G network roll-out will continue to Sweden’s 25 largest municipalities and recreation areas and to Norway’s four largest municipalities to offer communication services for the future.

This is a good news for LTE deployment around the world. Congratulation TeliaSonera.

Northstream’s Blog Via PCWorld

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Self-driving cars save $450 billion annually and projected to reduce injuries by 90 percent

Driver error is the number one cause of automobile crashes so what would happen if you removed humans from the equation? According to independent research by the Eno Center for Transportation, vehicle-related injuries would drop by 90 percent and save the US economy roughly $450 billion each year.

The group discovered that 40 percent of fatal crashes in the US involved alcohol, drugs, fatigue or distraction – all metrics that wouldn’t affect an autonomous vehicle. Even in cases where a vehicle is primarily responsible for an accident, human elements like not paying attention and speeding often contributed to the occurrence of crashes and / or the severity of injuries.

The adoption rate of self-driving vehicles among consumers will of course play a big role in how many accidents can be avoided and how much money the economy could save. For example, if one in every 10 car was replaced with an autonomous vehicle, it would reduce crashes and subsequent injuries by roughly half and save around $25 billion each year.

To realize 90 percent safer roads as mentioned in the introduction, an equal 90 percent adoption rate would be necessary while hitting the $450 billion savings mark would require nearly 100 percent adoption.

Several self-driving cars are in the works from the likes of Google, Mercedes, Nissan and Toyota but thus far, the high cost of necessary components and lack of general regulations have only helped to slow down progress. It’ll eventually happen but it’s just a matter of how long it will take.

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SARDU – Windows Multiboot USB Creator

SARDU is another nice Windows based Multiboot USB Creator that can also be used to create Multiboot CD/DVD's. Created by Davide Costa, SARDU enables you to create a Multiboot UFD containing your basic essential Utilities, Antivirus, and Windows XP/7 Installers. On top of that, SARDU offers the built in ability to Defragment your USB Drive, and burn an ISO to CD/DVD.

WARNING! I've been informed that SARDU is now potentially packaged with Adware. As a result, I recommend avoiding this tool. Back in Jan 2011, when this post was originally written, SARDU was a good clean tool!

If you choose to use this program, first check it for viruses/trojans/malware using an online multiple scan utility such as Virus Total!

SARDU – Another Multiboot USB Creator for Windows

Authors Website: http://www.sarducd.it

Simple usage example to create a Multiboot USB:

Download Unzip and Run latest version of SARDU
(1) Click the ISO Icon to select the folder containing your ISO's
(2) Select your USB Drive (3) Click the USB Icon to Create the Multiboot USB

(3) Restart your PC, setting your BIOS or Boot Menu to boot from the Flash Drive. Proceed to boot from the USB and enjoy.

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How to Access The Computer and motherboard BIOS

Computer and motherboard manufacturers and BIOS suppliers may use varying keyboard keys or key combinations that can be pressed during system post to access your system BIOS. Unfortunately there is no standard method to universally access or enter a motherboard BIOS. The following is a list of some popular BIOS suppliers, Computer Vendors and the keyboard key combinations that have been known to work with them.

If you know of a combination that is not listed, please feel free to contact us with the information and we will have it added.

Keyboard Key Commands used to Access a System BIOS

The following BIOS Suppliers chart lists the keys used to enter BIOS.

Bios Suppliers	Keyboard Commands used to access BIOS
ALR Advanced Logic Research, Inc. ® PC / PCI	F2
ALR PC non / PCI	CTRL+ALT+ESC
AMD® (Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.) BIOS	F1
AMI (American Megatrends, Inc.) BIOS	DEL
Award™ BIOS	CTRL+ALT+ESC
Award BIOS	DEL
DTK® (Datatech Enterprises Co.) BIOS	ESC
Phoenix™ BIOS	CTRL+ALT+ESC
Phoenix BIOS	CTRL+ALT+S
Phoenix BIOS	CTRL+ALT+INS

Computer Manufacturers and the keys used to enter system BIOS.

Computer Vendor/Manufacturer	Keyboard Commands used to access BIOS
Acer®	F1, F2, CTRL+ALT+ESC
ARI®	CTRL+ALT+ESC, CTRL+ALT+DEL
AST®	CTRL+ALT+ESC, CTRL+ALT+DEL
Compaq® 8700	F10
CompUSA®	DEL
Cybermax®	ESC
Dell BIOS web site search links	For models not listed below.
Dell® 400	F3, F1
Dell 4400	F12
Dell Dimension®	F2 or DEL
Dell Inspiron®	F2
Dell Latitude	Fn+F1 (while booted)
Dell Latitude	F2 (on boot)
Dell Optiplex	DEL
Dell Optiplex	F2
Dell Precision™	F2
eMachine®	DEL , F 2
Fujutsu Manuals & BIOS	Manuals & BIOS Download
Gateway® 2000 1440	F1
Gateway 2000 Solo™	F2
HP® (Hewlett-Packard)	F1, F2 (Laptop, ESC)
IBM®	F1
E-pro Laptop	F2
IBM PS/2®	CTRL+ALT+INS after CTRL+ALT+DEL
IBM Thinkpad® (newer)	Windows: Programs-Thinkpad CFG.
Intel® Tangent	DEL
Lenovo(formerly IBM)	Lenovo BIOS Access page
Micron®	F1, F2, or DEL
Packard Bell®	F1, F2, Del
Seanix	DEL
Sony® VAIO	F2
Sony VAIO	F3
Tiger	DEL
Toshiba® 335 CDS	ESC
Toshiba Protege	ESC
Toshiba Satellite 205 CDS	F1
Toshiba Tecra	ESC then F1 or F2
Toshiba Notebook [Newer models]	1. Turn on computer by Holding down power button while pressing the ESC key. The machine will beep, then display: Check System, then press [F1] key. 2. Release ESC key 3. Press F1 key

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The Next Global Smartphone Revolution: Made in Taiwan

There are almost 7 billion people on the planet, only 1 billion or so of whom have a smartphone. That means 6 billion people do not have one. The biggest tech company you’ve never heard of wants to flip that statistic, and in so doing make 2013 the year it brings the world online.

MediaTek is the largest mobile chipmaker in Taiwan. Its chips power devices from the likes of Lenovo, Sharp and Acer, as well as Chinese giants like ZTE and Huawei. It generated about $3 billion in revenue last year selling chipsets for some 500 million phones, easily eclipsing Samsung, HTC and Apple in total volume. Yet few know who MediaTek is.

“We are,” says Finbarr Moynihan, who runs new business for MediaTek, “one of those best-kept secrets.”

That will soon change, because MediaTek wants to fundamentally remake the global phone business.

The company doesn’t sell phones under its own name. Instead, it supplies what it calls “reference designs” — which include the chip and the operating system, camera, display and more — that need little more than polish and personalization from the manufacturers branding and selling them. MediaTek intends to take that formula, which has worked exceptionally in the feature-phone market, and apply it to smartphones.

In 2013, for the first time ever, global smartphone sales will exceed feature-phone sales — an area MediaTek has thoroughly dominated in China and South Asia. Most of those sales will be in the developing world, where unsubsidized smartphone prices are expected to fall to $50. But MediaTek is going after both ends of the market, with a plan to sell high-end phones as well. It is rolling out fast chipsets and gorgeous displays so handset manufacturers can target the emerging global middle class. If MediaTek can pull this off, it’s going to flip the smartphone-to-feature-phone global equation, boost Android handset sales by an order of magnitude, and bring hundreds of millions of people online, many for the very first time.

Perhaps the one thing more impressive than MediaTek’s vast size is the speed with which it grew. The company was founded in 1997, spun off from the R&D arm of giant Taiwanese chipmaker UMC. It initially made chips for optical drives in computers and home stereos, and remains the world’s largest chipmaker in that segment. It expanded its operations into Wi-Fi, televisions and, most notably, mobile phones.

MediaTek quietly entered the mobile phone business in 2004, making chipsets that powered mobiles in China. Then it moved into the emerging markets of Indonesia, India, Brazil, Russia and more. Today, it is a feature-phone colossus.

Cheap handsets that offer only the most rudimentary features and run only the most basic apps comprised about 70 percent of global mobile sales in 2012. But MediaTek is betting that end users are ready to make the leap to smartphones, based on both hardware costs coming down and the rollout of 3G networks. Within four years, MediaTek estimates, the market for unsubsidized smartphones that cost $200 or less will be in the neighborhood of 730 million units.

And the subsidization issue is key. In China, and much of the rest of the world, phones are sold in retail shops you find in strip malls and markets, not the Chinese equivalent of an AT&T store run by a telco. These phones aren’t subsidized by carriers, so price is a prime concern. The phone and SIM often are purchased separately.

Go to a mall anywhere in China or the developing world and you’ll see a staggering array of form factors from manufacturers you’ve never heard of. To some extent, this is a reflection of necessity. Networks and needs vary from place to place — for example, customers may want a phone with multiple SIM cards for different carriers — so phones are built to suit local needs. MediaTek pioneered this approach in China, where it fueled the market in off-brand mobile phones. As it expanded internationally, that model turned out to be well-suited for a global scale.

“A lot of this stuff is consumer use case developed because of the retail aspects of those countries,” explains Moynihan.

One of MediaTek’s biggest selling points has been flexibility. Operating at enormous scale, MediaTek can pack lots of features into its phones at lower cost than manufacturers operating on a market-by-market basis. It can deliver cheap phones with rich multimedia experiences, while letting local brands to do the hard work of establishing identity and consumer recognition.

For example, because it isn’t beholden to carriers, its phones have long supported multi-SIM and dual band. This is essential in markets where consumers might use different SIMs to call different people, or different countries, or at different times. In some markets, like Brazil, MediaTek phones might have as many as four SIM slots.

The company plans to take the cooperative model that made it China’s biggest supplier of mobile phone chips and apply it to smartphones. The company sells hundreds of millions of feature phone handsets each year. Now it wants to flood the world with affordable Android smartphones, localized to suit particular markets. It developed a powerful quad-core chipset for use in phones that will compete with high-end models from the likes of Samsung and LG, yet sell for as little as $200. Don’t have that kind of cash? No problem. MediaTek has single and dual core chips too, so it can hit lower price points.

“MediaTek has created a barbell market for the global smartphone market,” explains Gartner analyst Mark Hung. “There is growth on the high-end, and significant growth on the low-end.”

The low end is no less important than the high end. Apple operates at the high end. Although it doubled iPhone sales in China during the last quarter of the year, it is in sixth place there overall, according to IDC. It trails Samsung, China Wireless Technologies, ZTE, and Huawei — the last two of which use MediaTek designs.

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MediaTek likely to launch first 8-core CPU

MediaTek is expected to officially launch its first 8-core processor, the MT6592, in the second half of November, according to industry sources familiar with MediaTek's roadmap.

The availability of the MT6592 prior to the end of 2013 will enable smartphone vendors, particularly those in China, to launch new models for early 2014, the sources noted.

The release of the MT6592 will also help MediaTek ramp up its penetration in the high-end smartphone segment and serve as a growth driver in the first half of 2014, added the sources.

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Goophone 5s knockoff returns in gold

Not to be outdone by its slightly more successful rival, Goophone returns to the market once again with the gold Goophone i5S, a shameless, Android-powered iPhone 5s knockoff complete with a new home button that looks startlingly similar to Apple’s fingerprint scanner… but that definitely isn’t. According to GizChina, Goophone has finally started shipping i5S models in some capacity, which already appear to be out of stock on Goophone’s website. No word yet on whether the gold Goophone sold out as quickly as the gold iPhone 5s, but the Goophone i5C is still available for smartphone buyers that need a Goophone right away.

The Goophone i5S features a 4-inch, 960 x 540 pixel display, 1.2GHz dual-core processor, 5-megapixel rear camera, 1GB of RAM and 16GB of internal storage. The knockoff costs just $199.99 off-contract, but there is no word yet on when Goophone will be able to replenish its stock. While you wait, watch GizChina‘s hands-on with the gold Goophone i5S below.

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