D-Link DIR-300 Flashed with DD-Wrt Firmware

D-Link DIR-300 DD-Wrt Firmware flashing Tutorial and How-To Documentation

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BioLite Stove Charges Your Phone While Cooking?

Wood-burning stoves aren’t known for being particularly efficient, and their smoke not only contains high carbon emissions but causes health risks to those who inhale it. A portable design from BioLite aims to tackle this problem and turn the stove into a cell phone charger in the process.

The stove converts heat energy into electricity, powering a small fan to improve the wood’s combustion. Beyond this, one to two watts are available to charge a cell phone or LED light via a USB port.

The company sees two markets for their stove: Families in developing countries, and avid backpackers and campers. BioLite will release the CampStove version first, in spring of 2012. They hope profits from this product will help subsidize the cost of the HomeStove model for families in developing countries.

BioLite claims to require half the amount of wood as an open fire and to cut smoke emissions by as much as 95%. Because billions of people depend on wood as cooking fuel, the stove has potential to improve health and, perhaps, slightly curb deforestation.

The CampStove model weighs just under two pounds and boils a liter of water in less than four minutes. A variety of materials can be used to power it, including sticks, pine cones, dung, rice husks and underbrush. This could be convenient for campers tired of carrying cans of gas or petroleum to power their stoves.

BioLite has already won awards for its designs, including the St. Andrews Prize for the Environment and first place in the 2010 Sustainable Brands Innovation Open.

BioLite’s COO Jonathan den Hartog explains how the stove works:

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HotCom HT-1008A WiFi ATA based on mesh

HT-1008A is some kind of device with open source Asterisk software embedded which works not only as an ATA but also an IP PBX. With an analog phone connect to its RJ11 port , you can make VoIP calls to another MP01 without traditional Ethernet cable connection.

Compared with standard WIFI network , Mesh networking (topology) is a type of networking where each node must not only capture and disseminate its own data, but also serve as a relay for other sensor nodes. So HT1008As biggest feature is easy deployment without needs of fixed networking infrastructure and central AP in standard WIFI network ,its some kind of self-organizing and scalable VoIP network. Some other features are as below:

• Free of fixed internet accessing infrastructure.
• Self organizing and expanding Mesh network , each node works as AP and repeater without need for central AP or IP PBX.
• Compared with standard WIFI network , Mesh is with lower cost , longer transmission range and easier for deployment , scale up and down from 2 to over 500 units.
• Protected against water, static electricity, lightning and bad power supply.
• Targeting for village telco,emergency communication system and hotel telco etc.
• Open software based on Asterisk for system integrators to develop their own applications

Application diagram:

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Atcom Mesh Potato WiFi VoIP ATA (MP01)

The Atcom Mesh Potato (MP01) is a WiFi mesh VoIP ATA (analog terminal adapter) operating in the license-exempt 2.4GHz ISM band and is the first WiFi mesh ATA in the market using a wireless mesh network as a backhaul to interconnect phones and host LAN/WAN access to computers connected to its Ethernet port.

Targeting for village telco emergency communication systems and hotel telco etc. the Mesh Potato helps you to build the wireless VoIP communication system with open hardware design and open source firmware. It provides affordable voice and data services for people.

Features

• One port WiFi Mesh ATA
• WiFi Mode: AP, client, ad-hoc, ahdemo mode
• Open Source OpenWrt OS
• Asterisk pre-installed
• SSH or HTTP management

Applications

• Village Telco
• Emergency Communication System
• Hotel Telco

Hardware

• Atheros AR2317 Soc
• MIPS 4KEc processor 180MHz
• 8 MByte Serial Flash EEPROM
• 16 MByte RAM

Wireless LAN

• IEEE 802.11b/g
• Frequency Band: 2.412GHz to 2.484GHz
• Antenna Type: Intenal Omnidirectional PCB Antenna with I-PEX connector
• Transmit EIRP Power: 1-24Mbit 20dBm or 36-54Mbit 17dBm

Interface

• 1 X RJ45 port
• 1 X RJ11 port

Firmware

• Linux kernel 2.6.26.3
• OpenWrt Kamikaze
• B.A.T.M.A.N. mesh routing daemon
• Asterisk 1.4.11

Electrical

• Power Options: AC adaptor, Passive PoE or PoTL (Power over Telephone Line)
• PoTL Wire Requirement: standard 4/6 core telephone cable
• Input Power: 24 VDC 300mA
• Power Consumption: 3 Watt
• Passive PoE Effective Distance: 0-100 meters
• PoTL Effective Distance: 0-50 meters
• Protected Ports: DC, RJ11 phone, RJ45 Ethernet
• Protection: overvoltage, reverse DC, nearby lighting, static electricity

Environmental

• Operating Humidity: 5 to 95% Codensing
• Operating Temperature: -20 to +70 degrees Celsius

Physical

• Casing: UV-protected, weatherproof outdoor enclosure
• Mounting: Pole Mount/Wall Mount
• Enclosure Size: 228mm x 106mm x 55mm
• Weight: 0.3Kg

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Why Edward Snowden Is a Hero?

Is Edward Snowden, the twenty-nine-year-old N.S.A. whistle-blower who was last said to be hiding in Hong Kong awaiting his fate, a hero or a traitor? He is a hero. (My colleague Jeffrey Toobin disagrees.) In revealing the colossal scale of the U.S. government’s eavesdropping on Americans and other people around the world, he has performed a great public service that more than outweighs any breach of trust he may have committed. Like Daniel Ellsberg, the former Defense Department official who released the Pentagon Papers, and Mordechai Vanunu, the Israeli nuclear technician who revealed the existence of Israel’s weapons program, before him, Snowden has brought to light important information that deserved to be in the public domain, while doing no lasting harm to the national security of his country.

Doubtless, many people inside the U.S. power structure—President Obama included—and some of its apologists in the media will see things differently. When Snowden told the Guardian that “nothing good” was going to happen to him, he was almost certainly right. In fleeing to Hong Kong, he may have overlooked the existence of its extradition pact with the United States, which the U.S. authorities will most certainly seek to invoke. The National Security Agency has already referred the case to the Justice Department, and James Clapper, Obama’s director of National Intelligence, has said that Snowden’s leaks have done “huge, grave damage” to “our intelligence capabilities.”

Before accepting such claims at face value, let’s remind ourselves of what the leaks so far have not contained. They didn’t reveal anything about the algorithms that the N.S.A. uses, the groups or individuals that the agency targets, or the identities of U.S. agents. They didn’t contain the contents of any U.S. military plans, or of any conversations between U.S. or foreign officials. As Glenn Greenwald, one of the journalists who broke the story, pointed out on “Morning Joe” today, this wasn’t a WikiLeaks-style data dump. “[Snowden] spent months meticulously studying every document,” Greenwald said. “He didn’t just upload them to the Internet.”

So, what did the leaks tell us? First, they confirmed that the U.S. government, without obtaining any court warrants, routinely collects the phone logs of tens of millions, perhaps hundreds of millions, of Americans, who have no links to terrorism whatsoever. If the publicity prompts Congress to prevent phone companies such as Verizon and A.T. & T. from acting as information-gathering subsidiaries of the spying agencies, it won’t hamper legitimate domestic-surveillance operations—the N.S.A. can always go to court to obtain a wiretap or search warrant—and it will be a very good thing for the country.

The second revelation in the leaks was that the N.S.A., in targeting foreign suspects, has the capacity to access vast amounts of user data from U.S.-based Internet companies such as Facebook, Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, and Skype. Exactly how this is done remains a bit murky. But it’s clear that, in the process of monitoring the communications of overseas militants and officials and the people who communicate with them, the N.S.A. sweeps up a great deal of online data about Americans, and keeps it locked away—seemingly forever.

Conceivably, the fact that Uncle Sam is watching their Facebook and Google accounts could come as news to some dimwit would-be jihadis in foreign locales, prompting them to communicate in ways that are harder for the N.S.A. to track. But it will hardly surprise the organized terrorist groups, which already go to great lengths to avoid being monitored. Not for nothing did Osama bin Laden’s compound in Abbottabad go without a phone or Internet connection.

Another Snowden leak, which Greenwald and the Guardian published over the weekend, was a set of documents concerning another secret N.S.A. tracking program with an Orwellian name: “Boundless Informant.” Apparently designed to keep Snowden’s former bosses abreast of what sorts of data it was collecting around the world, the program unveiled the vast reach of the N.S.A.’s activities. In March, 2013, alone, the Guardian reported, the N.S.A. collected ninety-seven billion pieces of information from computer networks worldwide, and three billion of those pieces came from U.S.-based networks.

It’s hardly surprising that the main targets for the N.S.A.’s data collection were Iran (fourteen billion pieces in that period) and Pakistan (more than thirteen billion), but countries such as Jordan, India, and Egypt, American allies all, may be a bit surprised to find themselves so high on the list. “We hack everyone everywhere,” Snowden told the Guardian. “We like to make a distinction between us and the others. But we are in almost every country in the world. We are not at war with these countries.”

For most Americans, the main concern will be domestic spying, and the chronic lack of oversight that Snowden’s leaks have highlighted. In the years since 9/11, the spying agencies have been given great leeway to expand their activities, with the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Court, which deals with legal requests from the agencies, and the congressional intelligence committees, which nominally oversees all of their activities, all too often acting as rubber stamps rather than proper watchdogs.

Partly, that was due to lack of gumption and an eagerness to look tough on issues of counterterrorism. But it also reflected a lack of information. Just a couple of months ago, at a Senate hearing, Oregon Democrat Ron Wyden, one of the few legislators to sound any misgivings over the activities of the intelligence agencies, asked Clapper, “Does the N.S.A. collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?” To which Clapper replied: “No, sir.” (He added, “Not wittingly.”) At another hearing, General Keith Alexander, the director of the N.S.A., denied fourteen times that the agency had the technical capability to intercept e-mails and other online communications in the United States.

Thanks to Snowden, and what he told the Guardian and the Washington Post, we now have cause to doubt the truth of this testimony. In Snowden’s words: “The N.S.A. has built an infrastructure that allows it to intercept almost everything. With this capability, the vast majority of human communications are automatically ingested without targeting. If I wanted to see your emails or your wife’s phone, all I have to do is use intercepts. I can get your emails, passwords, phone records, credit cards.”

Were Clapper and Alexander deliberately lying? If so, perhaps Snowden should be extradited to the United States and dragged into court—but only as part of a proceeding in which the two spymasters face charges of misleading Congress. I suppose you could make the argument that he is a naïve young man who didn’t fully understand the dangerous nature of the world in which we live. You could question his motives, and call him a publicity seeker, or an idiot. (Fleeing to Hong Kong wasn’t very smart.) But he doesn’t sound like an airhead; he sounds like that most awkward and infuriating of creatures—a man of conscience. “I don’t want to live in a society that does these sort of things,” he told Greenwald. “I do not want to live in a world where everything I do and say is recorded. That is not something I am willing to support or live under.”

So what is Snowden’s real crime? Like Ellsberg, Vanunu, and Bradley Manning before him, he uncovered questionable activities that those in power would rather have kept secret. That’s the valuable role that whistle-blowers play in a free society, and it’s one that, in each individual case, should be weighed against the breach of trust they commit, and the potential harm their revelations can cause. In some instances, conceivably, the interests of the state should prevail. Here, though, the scales are clearly tipped in Snowden’s favor.

I’ll leave the last word to Ellsberg, who, for revealing to the world that that Pentagon knew early on that the war in Vietnam was unwinnable, was described in some quarters as a communist and a traitor: “Snowden did what he did because he recognised the NSA’s surveillance programs for what they are: dangerous, unconstitutional activity. This wholesale invasion of Americans’ and foreign citizens’ privacy does not contribute to our security; it puts in danger the very liberties we’re trying to protect.” - source

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Top 10 World's Most Efficient String Inverters (< 5 kW)

The table below shows the Top 10 of the current commercially available string inverters for systems below 5 kilowatts with the highest maximum inverter efficiency.

This information has been collated from public sources such as online product datasheets.

Manufacturer	Inverter Efficiency	Inverter Model
Steca	98.60%	StecaGrid 3600
Sunways	97.80%	NT5000
Fronius	97.70%	IG TL 5.0
Diehl AKO	97.70%	4800 TL
Voltwerk	97.70%	VS 5
Solaredge	97.60%	SE4000
Mastervolt	97.50%	SunMaster ES4.6
Mitsubishi Electrics	97.50%	PV-S4200
Solutronic	97.40%	Solplus 50
Refu	97.40%	Refusol 500K

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Why are Perpetual Motion Machines considered impossible?

Why haven't the 1st & 2nd Laws of Thermodynamics been broken, enabling 'Perpetual Motion' & 'Free Energy'?

• The first law of thermodynamics, which mandates conservation of energy, and states in particular that the flow of heat is a form of energy transfer.
• The second law of thermodynamics, which states that the entropy of an isolated macroscopic system never decreases, or (equivalently) that perpetual motion machines are impossible.

Perpetual Motion describes hypothetical machines that operate or produce useful work indefinitely and, more generally, hypothetical machines that produce more work or energy than they consume, whether they might operate indefinitely or not.

There is undisputed scientific consensus that perpetual motion would violate either the first law of thermodynamics, the second law of thermodynamics, or both. Machines which comply with both laws of thermodynamics but access energy from obscure sources are sometimes referred to as perpetual motion machines, although they do not meet the standard criteria for the name.

Despite the fact that successful perpetual motion devices are physically impossible in terms of our current understanding of the laws of physics, the pursuit of perpetual motion remains popular.

The pursuit of 'Perpetual Motion Machines' dates back to the Middle Ages. For millennia, it was not clear whether perpetual motion devices were possible or not, but the development of modern thermodynamics has indicated that they are impossible. Despite this, many attempts have been made to construct a perpetual motion machine. Modern designers and proponents often use other terms, such as over unity, to describe their inventions.

Example of a Magnet Motor:

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Over Unity Generator - How To Generate Your Own Electricity

The over unity generator is a device that hundreds of thousands of people are making at home, DIY-style, and using it to generate large amounts of their own electricity. 7 kilowatts is a typical starting figure and this alone is enough to power most homes. What is "over unity" and how is it possible to make this theory a reality in terms of real, practical power generation? In this article, I will tell you how.

Over Unity Theory

Unity refers to a ratio. When people talk about over unity generators, they refer to machines that can produce more energy than is required to use in getting them to start or to run.

Over unity is not a new theory. It has been discussed and researched for over a century. Some of the major discoveries in over unity theory were by Nikola Tesla, a man widely regarded as the inventor of alternating current, without which there would be no way to transfer power over large distances and power every home.

Until recently, there were few and far between applications of this theory. This is mostly explained due to lobbyists and others with vested interests who do not like this technology because it upsets the status quo and will inevitably lead to a loss of profits in extracting fossil fuels and burning them up for power generation.

How To Build An Overunity Generator

An over unity generator is a very simple device indeed. It consists of little more than a rotor, upon which are mounted several strategically placed magnets. All that remains is to install and configure some copper wiring and you have almost everything you need to start generating your own power.

An initial input of force is put into the system (you can do this yourself or use a battery) and then the motion is self-sustaining. Frictional losses in the bearings and from air resistance are countered by the intrinsic properties of the magnets.

Overunity Generator Plans

While the over unity generator is very simple and easy to construct, you will still save yourself a lot of time and returning to the drawing board if you make use of a modern set of generator plans.

These may set you back around 50 bucks but, before you baulk at that price, consider how much your time is worth. If you prefer to try and figure it out yourself and are willing to tinker for a year or more (this is how long many of the recent pioneers have taken to refine their concepts into working prototypes) then be my guest. Most people, however, find that a 50 bucks investment is more than worth it if it means that they can get a generator up and running and producing 7 kilowatts of power in less than a week.

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Skype faces ban in Saudi Arabia

WhatsApp, Viber and Skype users in the Kingdom face the risk of being barred from these applications if the owners of these communication platforms do not provide a monitoring server by the end of this week.

The Communications and Information Technology Commission (CITC) is threatening blockage of programs and applications that provide conversation and visual communication because they use encrypted connections, an Arabic daily reported.

According to two informed sources who work at local telecommunication companies, this issue has been at the top of the agenda of discussions during meetings between heads of telecom companies and the CITC over the past 20 days. The meetings have finally concluded with the CITC demanding that it be allowed to monitor the encrypted applications. In addition, officials from the CITC have cautioned that they might block these programs if they fail to reach an acceptable solution with the owners.

In an initial reaction to the news, both Saudi and non-Saudi users have expressed anger and annoyance, as some of the applications that might be halted have become vital conduits of communication between family and friends.

“I would be very disappointed if CITC disconnects this server; I use it every day to talk to my wife and children who live in India,” said Indian schoolteacher Mohammed Akram. “Viber is the cheapest way to reach my children. It enables me to chat with them, share pictures and send voice messages. If they ban it, I would have to go back to talking to my children once a month without seeing them until I visit them,” he added.

Saudi students on scholarships who use the Skype video application to contact their parents are also disappointed.

“I really don’t understand what they mean by monitoring. Are they going to tap into the conversations I have with my mother and sister? Does that mean they are going to have to wear the veil when they open the camera for me?” pondered Khalid Tunsi, a finance student in the US. “If they cut off these applications, it will make my life really difficult because with this technology I am able to see my mother every day,” he added.

Tunsi’s mother is also concerned with this news, saying this application has bought her comfort. “No one understands what I’m going through; my only son is living a million miles away and he only receives one ticket per year from the Saudi Cultural Attaché to come home for a visit,” she said. “If they take these applications away from me, I will really be depressed.”

WhatsApp is an application that businessmen such as Hani Ayyash use to communicate with his employees and clients for free. “I have created a group for my colleagues and employees, especially when I’m traveling, as I need to be informed about any updates,” he said. “Is CITC giving us lower rates after banning free applications that everyone uses? I believe they should provide us with a replacement because all we want is to obtain lower rates and free communication technology,” he added.

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Magniwork Review - is it a Scam?

Internet fraudsters are raking in thousands of dollars a day with an elaborate scam selling magnetic perpetual motion machines that are claimed to produce infinite free energy.

Since spring this year an operation called Magniwork has been selling a $50 DIY guide to building a perpetual motion device at home. On their web-site the fraudsters claim the materials are available in any local hardware store for less than $100. One estimate puts sales of the guide as high as 5,000 copies a month, making the magniwork generator scam worth up to $3m a year. However, Is Magniwork scam or not? Does Magniwork work?

The claims for Magni work are advanced via an extensive Google advertising campaign, and a network of blogs, web-sites and reviews endorsing the product. They are given further credibility by a clip of film from Sky News Australia about plans for a similar product made by a legitimate if optimistic research company called Lutec. Lutec patented its technology in 19 countries in 1999, but the product has still not seen the light of day. Off-Grid has discovered that the clip is over 8 years old.

Perpetual motion machine

Magniwork free energy generator which describes its product as ‘a magnetic power generator’ claims to have invented a revolutionary off-grid power source that uses magnets to “power itself and create energy by itself, without requiring solar energy, heat, water, coal or any kind of resource.” The web-site promises the device will generate perpetual energy which will “fully power your home for free.”

However even the idea of such a device is dismissed by trained physicists. “The little explanation they give on their website makes no sense to me,” said Gunnar Pruessner, a lecturer in physics at Imperial College London. “For starters it breaks with all we know about quantum physics since Dirac, which says that we cannot tap into zero point fluctuations or virtual particles.”

Priceless IP

He observed that if the claims were true, they would mark the biggest advance in science ever. “It would bring a world-wide socio-economic revolution with incalculable political consequences. So you have to ask why are they scuzzing around selling their priceless IP (intellectual property) for a few dollars?”

Made in Macedonia

The site gives no way of contacting Magniwork -other than to order the guide. But its legal disclaimer reveals that despite the .com web address which suggests a US-based company, Magniwork is in fact located in Macedonia, a tiny republic on the northern border of Greece in Europe. “This Agreement shall all be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of Macedonia applicable to agreements made and to be performed in Macedonia,” it reads. It has similarly proved difficult to identify the individuals behind the scheme. But one researcher claims to have written to the site’s web-master who referred in his reply to a man simply called “Igor”, the manual’s publisher.

Kernel of truth

Angry customers admit that the guide does contain kernels of truth. “Some of the suggestions in the e-book can reduce your home power consumption. For example, checking for air leaks, have better home insulation, servicing your air-conditioning unit or heate etc,”wrote one. But is it essentially amateurish and misleading, they say. “The whole “document” is 57 pages long and looks like something a kid in high school put together.

The final “generator” is basically a magnet that is 2″ high sitting on a turntable that is 4″ high! They claim that its output is 24.5 Watts! That is 1/100th of what my house uses when the AC is on. It wouldn’t put out enough power to light up a standard light bulb,“ wrote another angry blogger.

Alternative energy expert Sterling D. Allan founder of The New Energy Congress has examined Magniwork’s claims. “Most of the 50+ page manual contains energy conservation tips that are based on well-established principles,” he said. But he points out that plans for the device are freely available elsewhere, they are based on other people’s work and he claims to have tried to contact people offering testimonials, without success. “The wording on their site still gives the reader the idea that the plans will result in a working free energy device but that is not the case. Such representation is fraud,” he concluded.

Although highly implausible, the idea of somehow harvesting magnetic power has intrigued scientists for over a century. It was first suggested by pioneering physicist Nicola Tesla in the nineteenth century. Australian company Lutec is still trying to perfect such a device.

And U.S based based Magnetic Power Inc, headed by Mark Goldes, has claimed to be on the verge of launching a ‘Magnetic Power Module’ for at least six years. There is no suggestion that either Lutec or MPI are part of the scam.

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Magniwork Free Energy Generator - Does It Really Work?

The Magniwork free energy generator - you have heard of it but are wondering if it can really be true: can this device really deliver a minimum of 7 kilowatts and easily power your home and all your energy needs? Or is this just the stuff of fantasy? In this article, I will tell you exactly how this generator works and why you should be making your own Magniwork device.

The Suppression Of Zero Point Energy

The generator is based on a concept in physics known as zero point energy. Others also refer to this concept as "over unity".

Regardless, zero point is a concept that has long been known about but only a few have developed it into a workable technology.

The single largest reason for the slow progress until recently has been the incredibly pressure from energy and oil companies, lobbyists, governments and other vested interests to suppress this technology.

You see, these companies do not see solar power or wind power as a threat because they can cost a lot to install and do not generate much energy. But they do see zero point as a major threat to their profits.

Also, governments have long been developing this technology in secret, for military use. It suits them to decry this technology as unworkable while at the same time working on it in secret. These secret government programs have been exposed by investigative journalists.

The most famous of these is highly credible: Nick Cook, former Aviation Editor of the world-renowned defence journal, "Jane's Defence Weekly" and regular contributor to the Financial Times and Wall Street Journal, is widely considered to be an expert on military "black projects". His investigative work revealed that many governments are using zero point concepts to try to produce anti-gravity propulsion. Such a use of this technology would give instant air superiority to the world government that can perfect it first.

Thousands Running Their Own Generators

For many decades, only a few DIY pioneers were able to make their own working prototypes of free energy generators. Thanks to the proliferation of the internet and social media, these people are now able to showcase their prototypes to the world, without fear of retribution.

There are several companies selling their working generator plans. Magniwork is just one of them but the current market leader. These plans allow anyone to construct and run their own generators which is currently the only option available unless you are willing to wait 5 years for the first consumer models to come to market. Many people are understandable not prepared to wait that long.

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Zero Point Energy Magnetic Power Generator - Fully Power Your Home For Free

A zero point magnetic power generator is a generator that uses magnets to utilize energy. There are many people that would find this to be hard to believe but it is a reality. A magnet has energy but does not require an energy input. When you try to connect the same polls together on a magnet, you will feel the force repelling them. This is how a magnetic generator utilizes magnets to produce energy to run a home.

A zero magnetic generator uses magnetic force to encourage continual motion. The generator runs by it self and never stops. This will give free energy, which can power a home for no cost. The device produces more energy then it consumes, which in turn will produce free energy. Thus there are no monthly electrical bills to pay for.

There are numerous benefits in having a zero magnetic generator one of them is that it takes up very little space and can be used in any size of home. If the magnetic generator is used fully, it can cut your power bill completely out. It can also be used in any type of climate whether it's cold or warm. The individual does not have to depend on any external whether, such as sunshine to power it.

A magnetic energy generator is very eco-friendly and won't harm the environment. There are no pollutants to be expelled into the air, so this makes it a very safe unit. There are no byproducts or fumes that can be harmful to people. The generator is completely safe with no worry of combustion or flames.

If you decide on a zero energy magnetic generator it can actually produce more power then you will actually need, and in some cases the electrical company ends up paying you for the extra power it creates. With no monthly electrical bills, you will save a lot of money.

If you decide to implement the Zero Point Energy Magnetic Power Generator on a full-scale, it will independently power your household, meaning, you won't have to pay anything to the power company. This magnetic free energy generator will work by itself perpetually, and generate 100% Free Electric Energy.

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Make Free Energy to Power Your Home Using Free Energy Generators

You can now power your home and drastically reduce your power bills or even completely eliminate them by making use of free energy generators. These generators make use of the attractive and repulsive properties of magnets to continually generate free energy.

It is known that electricity is produced when an electric coil turns in a magnetic field. In the case of free energy generators, the energy required to turn the electric coil is provided by permanent magnets aligned in such a way as to produce perpetual motion through their properties of attraction and repulsion. The energy generated far exceeds that required to produce the motion hence the energy generated is free.

The technology is not entirely new as it has been in existence for some time but was only recently adapted for home use. Energy industry experts have predicted that these magnetic energy generators represent the future of the industry. They also predicted that power generation companies will in the near future employ this technology in generating cheaper and much cleaner power.

Some of the benefits of these free energy generators include:

• They don't require fossil fuels to run so that there are no harmful emissions.
• They run indefinitely thereby producing limitless amounts of power.
• They generate alternating current thereby eliminating the need for storage batteries and inverters.
• They don't rely on the sun or wind to operate and can be used in all climatic conditions.
• Very safe at home and pose no risk to little children.
• They occupy very little space at home.

Many folks around the globe have built these generators and have drastically reduced their power bills or completely eliminated them depending on the scale of implementation.

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Benefits of a Free Energy Generator

Generators have always found a very special position in this world and are considered quite important. In the past few years, the cost of electricity and the various sources of energy from which they are derived have highly gone up tremendously. Researchers and scientists have been in the lookout for a variety of alternative and free energy generators which provide unlimited as well as energy sources absolutely at no added cost. 

This has also become important with the growing demand for energy to meet the needs of the growing population. A number of people in the past have tried to come out with various alternative sources of energy but without much success. The reasons can be many for the same. But now fortunately there is a much possible solution to generate energy for free using a free energy generator. This method does not involve any costs upfront and it is more or less possible to realize the same.

By following a few blueprints, the design of the free energy generator can be very simple. Even those who are not skilled in the business of manufacturing products can also accomplish this task with ease. It has been well tested and has won the satisfaction of a number of people. Very soon it is set to replace the normal electricity in various households. It offers a wonderful solution to the preservation of the entertainment. By using free energy generators, it can be ensured that the energy created is highly eco friendly and does not cause any kind of pollution or harm to the environment. The construction of this material hardly involves any material cost and involves some hundred dollars or so for the construction. But even this cost gets well reimbursed at the earliest by the benefits it provides. Studies prove that the use of free generators bring down the cost of electricity by about fifty percent. Thus the reimbursement of the cost involved can truly be justified.

Since quite a few years, the world has endeavored to produce energy on a much larger scale than expected. Fuel is the first practical example for the same. But unfortunately fuel is limited, dirty and expensive and hence definitely causes of concern for many. There are a number of applications which offer generation of power and non exhaustible forms of energy. These forms of alternative sources of energy save the cost of installation to a great extent and also ensure that benefits obtained on these energy sources are well justified. 

This type of energy resources are great and the money invested gets balanced truly. Also these kinds of free energy generators take up very less space and thus save a lot of space in the room. Also the electricity bill gets reduced by almost half depending on the usage of the free energy generators. The generator is free from the bondage of environment and can work independently irrespective of the weather externally-hot or cold. Thus the built of the free energy generators are truly worth a deal as they pay in the long run.

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Saudi Arabia bans Viber web communication tool

Saudi Arabia's telecom regulator has banned use of the web-based communication application Viber, which is hard for the state to monitor and deprives licensed telecom companies of revenue from international calls and texts.

"The Viber application has been suspended ... and the (regulator) affirms it will take appropriate action against any other applications or services if they fail to comply with regulatory requirements and rules in force in the kingdom," the Communications and Information Technology Commission (CITC) said in a statement on its website.

Viber allows subscribers to make free calls, send instant messages and share files over the internet. CITC did not explain what regulatory requirements and rules it breached, but the kingdom appears to be pushing for greater control over cyberspace as Internet and smart phone usage soars.

Attempts to use Viber on two different smartphones and to download it onto a computer in Saudi Arabia failed to work on Wednesday. A message on the Viber website explained the service had been banned in Saudi Arabia.

The regulator issued a vaguely worded directive in March warning that such tools as Viber, Whatsapp and Skype broke local laws, without specifying how.

Local media reported at the time that Saudi Arabia's three main operators Saudi Telecom Co, Etihad Etisalat (Mobily) and Zain Saudi had been asked to tell CITC if they were able to monitor or block such applications.

CITC did not respond to requests for comment on Wednesday or when the earlier announcement was made in March.

Earlier this year, the Interior Ministry's spokesman complained that Islamist militants were taking advantage of social media to foment unrest. However, in a separate interview with Reuters he argued against imposing stricter controls.

Mobile penetration was 188 percent by the end of 2012, CITC data shows. Saudi now has 15.8 million Internet subscribers and the average user watches three times as many online videos per day as counterparts in the United States, according to YouTube.

Conventional international calls and texts are a lucrative earner for telecom operators in Saudi Arabia, which hosts around nine million expatriates. These foreign workers are increasingly using Internet-based applications such as Viber to communicate with relatives in other countries, analysts say.

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How ATX Power Supply Works

A step by step guide about 200 Watt ATX PC Power Supply function

Here you have the schematic diagram of ATX PC power supply from DTK company. This power supply was designed for ATX and provides a power output of 200 Watt. The integrated circuit TL494 utilised in this design is a very common power circuit PC power supplies having about 200W output. The circuit operates with a symmetrical power stage (push-pull) with regulation of the output voltage, in the following we will understand how ATX power supply works.

The mains voltage passes through the input filter (C1, R1, T1, C4, T5) and then feeds the bridge rectifier (D21 to D24). When the input voltage is switched from 230V to 115V, the rectifier works as a voltage doubler. Varistors Z1 and Z2 protect against over voltage present on the input line. The thermistor NTCR1 limits the input current until capacitors C5 and C6 are charged. R2 and R3 allow the capacitors to discharge after disconnecting the power supply.

When connected to the sector, the capacitors C5 and C6, 470uf each, are all then charged together of approximately 300V. At this moment a secondary power supply, controlled by transistor Q12, starts and produces its output voltage. After the voltage regulator IC3 the +5 V goes into the motherboard. It is necessary to operation of the logic circuits and for "the standby of some functions."

Another voltage, non-stabilized, goes through diode D30 to power the circuit IC1 and the control transistors Q3 and Q4. When the main power supply works, then this voltage comes from the 12V line through the diode D.

Sleep mode (stand-by)

In standby mode, the principal main power supply is blocked by the positive voltage produced by the secondary power supply and present on the contact PS ON of the connector through resistor R23. Because of this voltage, the transistor Q10 will conduct and drive Q1 which applies the reference voltage of +5V from pin 14 "IC1" to pin 4 of "IC1" (Deadtime Control). The circuit is switched to the totally blocked state. Transistors Q3 and Q4 are both saturated (conductive) and short-circuit the auxiliary winding of the transformer T2. These short circuits prohibit the appearance of a voltage on the power circuit. By the voltage on pin 4, we can control the maximum pulse width at the output of IC1. A zero volt voltage produces the widest pulses and at +5 V pulses disappear.

Now we can explain the working of ATX power supply

If someone pushes the start button of the computer, the logic circuit of the motherboard puts the input pin PS-ON at ground (GND). The transistor Q10 will be block which has the effect of Q1 also to block. The capacitor C15 begins his charging through R15. The voltage on pin 4 "IC1" decreases gradually to zero by R17. This voltage permit generating pulses whose maximum width is continually increasing. The main power supply starts gently.

During normal regime, the power is controlled by "IC1". When the transistors Q1 and Q2 conducts, Q3 and Q4 are then blocked. When we want to drive the power transistors (Q1, Q2), then we must block the driver transistors (Q3, Q4). The current passes through R46, D14 and one winding of T2. This excitation current generates a voltage on the base of the power transistor and, due to the reactive positive current, the transistor is rapidly brought to saturation. When the pulse is over, the two driver transistors are then opened. The coupling reactive positive current disappears and produces an overvoltage on the excitation winding and blocks quickly the power transistor. Then the process is repeated with the second transistor. Transistors Q1 and Q2 alternately connect one end of the primary winding of T3 to the positive or negative voltage. The power goes from the emitter of Q1 (collector of Q2) through the third winding excitation transformer T2 and then through the primary winding of the main transformer T3 and the capacitor C7 to the virtual centre of the supply voltage.

ATX power supply Output voltages stabilization

The output voltages of +5 V and +12 V are measured by IC1 through R25 and R26. Other voltages are not stabilized and are determined by the windings and the diodes polarity. On the output, the filtering coil is necessary to remove high frequency interference.

This voltage is evaluated before the coil, by the pulse width and cycle time. On the output, after the rectifier diodes, a coil is common to all voltages. When we keep the direction of winding and the number of turns corresponding to output voltages, the coil will work as a transformer and we have a compensation for the irregular charges of the individual voltages.

In practice, voltage deviations of 10% of the value are specified. The reference of the 5V voltage of the internal regulator (pin 14 of "IC1") is applied, through the voltage divider R24/R19 to pin 2 of "IC1" which is the inverting input of error amplifier. The output voltages of the power supply are applied, through the voltage divider R25, R26/R20, R21, to the non inverting input of the error amplifier (pin 1 of "IC1"). R18 and C1 stabilize the regulator. The output voltage of the error amplifier is compared, through the capacitor C11, to the voltage of the ramp.

When the output voltage decreases, the voltage on the error amplifier then increases. The pulse excitation is longer, the power transistors Q1 and Q2 conduct longer, the width of the pulse before the output coil is larger and the output power increases. The second error amplifier is blocked by the voltage of the pin 15 of IC1.

PowerGood circuit

The motherboard needs the "PowerGood" signal. When all output voltages are stable, the PowerGood signal rises to +5V (logic). The PowerGood signal is usually connected to reset signal.

Stabilization of the +3.3V voltage

Look at the circuit connected to the +3.3V output. This is an additional stabilization for offset the loss of voltage in the cables. An auxiliary wire on the connector measures the 3.3V voltage on motherboard.

ATX Overvoltage circuit

This circuit is composed of Q5, Q6 and a number of discrete components. Like in LCD TV power supply, it monitors all output voltages. When limits are exceeded, the power is off.

For example, when I short-circuit by error -5V to +5 V, the positive voltage will then go, through D10, R28, D9, to the base of Q6. This transistor now conduct and drive Q5 which applies the reference voltage of +5V to the pin 14 "IC1", through diode D11, the pin 4 "IC1" (Deadtime Control signal) which blocks the power supply. It is then kept blocked by voltage, now present on the emitter of Q5, and applied to the base of Q6 passing through D12 and R30, until the high voltage input line is disconnected.

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Arduino Uno Pinout

Input and Output

Each of the 14 digital pins on the Arduino Uno can be used as an input or output, using pinMode(), digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions. They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40 mA and has an internal pull-up resistor (disconnected by default) of 20-50 kOhms.

In addition, some pins have specialized functions:

Serial: pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. These pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL Serial chip.

External Interrupts: pins 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attachInterrupt() function for details.

PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function.

SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication using the SPI library.

LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it’s off.

The Uno has 6 analog inputs, labeled A0 through A5, each of which provide 10 bits of resolution (i.e. 1024 different values). By default they measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to change the upper end of their range using the AREF pin and the analogReference() function. Additionally, some pins have specialized functionality:

TWI: A4 or SDA pin and A5 or SCL pin. Support TWI communication using the Wire library.

There are a couple of other pins on the board:

AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analogReference().

Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button to shields which block the one on the board.

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Make A Fan Page On Facebook - Fan Pages Catapult Advertising and Branding To A Whole New Realm

Secaucus, New Jersey – Ewen Chia, world renowned Internet Marketing guru, has leveraged the power of fan pages and has launched a system, Facebook Fan Page Secrets, geared towards teaching entrepreneurs, business owners, advertisers, companies, and etc., how to make a fan page on Facebook to build credibility for their brand, advertise their businesses, and ultimately generate profits using tried-and-tested advanced Internet marketing ideas.

Facebook has grown to become one of the most popular sites on the Internet with over 400 million users and an Alexa traffic rank of 2. In fact, tens of thousands of people are joining Facebook every day. With this massive flood of new Facebook users, business owners, advertisers, and companies now have a big advantage if they decide to make a fan page on Facebook and leverage it's power by building a huge fan base and powerful brand.

With the increase in popularity of Facebook, it is easy to see that simply creating a Facebook account and adding some friends isn't enough, you need to do more. A Facebook Fan Page is the answer to this question. With a fan page you can start building followers who are keen on hearing what you have to say. Through your fan page you get instant access to these followers and can mail them highly targeted messages.

“The Facebook Fan Page Secrets program will guide you through this process and show you exactly how to set up your page and promote it so that fans come flooding in to your site. You'll also learn how to advertise your fan page so that you can get highly targeted visitors to the site quickly and easily. There is nothing else available that will give you this insight into the dominate force in social networking. As the web changes to become more and more interactive, social networking sites such as Facebook will become much more important.

This is your opportunity to join in the social networking revolution and establish yourself as a major player in the market place.”

Facebook fan pages allows you to become an authority in your chosen niche. You can create a fan base that follow your every word and respect you as a marketer. It's a great opportunity to tap into a massive, vibrant marketplace full of potential customers and buyers.

You can keep in contact with your existing customers, build a buzz about product launch and market products and offers to a group of people who have specifically expressed an interest in you. In addition, you can establish yourself as an authority in the niche, build a strong relationship with both your prospective and existing customers, target your marketing with laser like precision, build your autoresponder list, market products and services to an eager fan base, and much more.

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"Ewen Chia is the real deal, I've known him personally for many years and I've seen him in action first hand time and time again. But the thing that is cool about Ewen is he gives back, he really shares his knowledge with others." reveals popular marketer, Jeremy Gislason.

Founder of Warrior Forum, Allen Says adds, "He's that good. I've always been amazed at how he ranks #1 for everything he promotes. If you want to learn anything about internet marketing I couldn't imagine sending you to anyone else."

Facebook Fan Page Secrets will teach you to master how to make a fan page on Facebook and use it to build a list, build a relationship with your list and generate income. To learn more about Ewen's Facebook Fan Page Secrets program, visit: http://www.FacebookFanPageSecretsToday.com.

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