Early Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer, the most common cancer in women, occurs as a result of uncontrolled growth of cells that begins in the tissues of the breast. According to the statistics, breast cancer affects one in eight women in the U.S. and it is the second most common cause of cancer death in women in the U.S. Various health organizations run a number of programs to increase the awareness of people, regarding the early symptoms of breast cancer, how the cancer is curable and how it is treated. Early detection of breast cancer can help save millions of precious lives.

Early Signs and Symptoms of Breast Cancer

• Swelling and a feeling of warmth in a breast.
• Tenderness around the nipple.
• Sore breast
• Itchy breasts or nipples
• A rash on a nipple or surrounding area
• A lump or thickening in or near the breast or in the underarm area (axillary area).
• A breast lump which is non-tender.
• A remarkable change in the size or shape of the breast
• Dimpling or puckering in the skin of the breast
• New pain that develops in a spot in a breast.
• An inward turned nipple.
• Discharge (fluid) from the nipple, especially bloody discharge.
• Red and inflamed breast
• Scaly, red, or swollen skin of the breast, nipple, or areola (the dark area of skin around the nipple). The ridged skin may look like the skin of an orange.
• Unexplained weight loss
• Breast ulcer as a later symptom of breast cancer.
• A lump found in the area above the collarbone (supraclavicular area) which indicates that the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

Although breast cancer in women is quite common, men may also suffer from this type of cancer. If a man notices a lump in a breast, or discharge from the nipple, or changed appearance of the breast or nipple (retraction, ulceration), he should immediately contact his physician. Breast cancer accounts for about 1% of all cancer deaths in men.

Types of Breast Cancer

There are different types of breast cancer such as ductal carcinoma (most common form), lobular carcinoma, estrogen receptor-positive cancer or ER-positive cancer, HER2-positive breast cancer, invasive or infiltrating breast cancer, etc. The uncommon types of this cancer include inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and Paget's disease of the nipple. Different types of symptoms are noticed in different types of breast cancer. For instance, IBC, a comparatively rare and aggressive cancer may exhibit following symptoms:

• Red and swollen / inflamed breast
• Constant itching in breast skin
• Warmer, harder, firmer breast
• Sudden increase in breast size
• Inwardly turned nipples
• Swollen lymph nodes under arm or above collarbone

It has been noticed that IBC usually strikes younger women and diagnoses of IBC account for 1 - 5% of all cases of breast cancer in the U.S.

Significance of Regular Testing

Studies show that genetic disposition and hormonal factors are the primary risk factors for this cancer. If you have breast pain, you should consult your doctor immediately. Even though you don't experience breast pain or lump, you can have a regular mammogram and a clinical breast exam by your health care professional since it is possible that you may not experience any pain or discomfort during earlier stages of the cancer. Mammography, CT scan, a biopsy and an ultrasound test help detect abnormalities in breasts. Self-exam of breasts is the best way to find out the changes in breasts. For those who have already undergone the treatment for breast cancer, it is equally important and necessary to monitor and report any new signs and changes, as they might be the symptoms of recurrence. Breast cancer is the most common cause of death in women between the ages of 45-55. Therefore, women should take necessary precautionary measures (should not delay in seeing a doctor) to prevent the cancer.

Treatment

Breast cancer treatment varies according to the type of the cancer and stage of the cancer. It involves various options such as surgery (lumpectomy, removing the affected part of the breast or mastectomy, removal of the affected breast), radiation therapy, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and chemotherapy. The treatment for breast cancer may vary from one individual to another, depending upon the stage in which the cancer is diagnosed, type and severity of the symptoms, spread of cancer, overall health of the patient, etc.

It is possible to get rid of breast cancer, when detected in earlier stages. Women and men should not neglect any changes in the breast(s). Any negligence can worsen the situation. You should examine your breasts regularly. A physician can guide you about how to examine a breast. There is indeed a need for more awareness regarding the symptoms and treatment of breast cancer. New vistas of treatment can be made available to the patients suffering from the disease. It would help save several lives.

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How long Breast Cancer Continues Kill Women?

The pink ribbon campaign has been an overwhelming success in raising awareness of breast cancer; yet there is fear that it has lulled women into false hopes for a cure.

The Susan G. Komen Race for the Cure® first introduced the pink ribbon to participants in the fall of 1991 and it became the official symbol for National Breast Cancer Awareness Month in October 1992.

It is unquestionable that the ribbon achieved its purpose in raising awareness of breast cancer and the importance of early detection. However, some women fear that, what they call “Pink Ribbon culture,” has had some unintended consequences.

Behind the Pink Curtain: False Hopes?

Gayle Sulik, author of Pink Ribbon Blues (2010), feels that the optimism and hope inspired by pink culture is giving women the false impression that there is a cure for breast cancer. Has pink ribbon culture encouraged the dissemination of pink misinformation?

Fran Visco, President of the National Breast Cancer Coalition (NBCC), states in her January 21, 2012, Huffington Post article, “WARNING: Breast Cancer Awareness Month May Be Hazardous to Your Health,” that women who read the news are building a false comfort zone, most probably believing:

“if they take care of themselves and get regular mammograms, the disease could be found early and there would be a 98 percent chance of a cure.”

Peeling Away the Pink

“Peeling Away the Pink,” was the slogan of the 2010 NBCC Annual Advocacy Training Conference. In her introductory letter to the Conference, Visco ends by saying, “No more fighting breast cancer with hope.”

A year later Visco announced “Breast Cancer Deadline 2020” at the Summit on the Prevention of Metastatic Breast Cancer, held August 26-28, 2011. Deadline 2020 demands the eradication of breast cancer within a decade.

What is the Truth about Progress in Prevention or Cure of Breast Cancer?

Susan Love, M.D., author of Dr. Susan Love’s Breast Book, has written five editions of the book over the course of twenty years. In the Fifth Edition she writes:

“…I have become increasingly frustrated that we have not made equal progress [with cancer of the cervix] in finding the cause of breast cancer.”

The same concern is shared by the Susan G. Komen for the Cure® organization, who requested a status report on the most current breast cancer prevention information from the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies of Science.

The report, delivered on December 7, 2011, announced that little proof exists that any environmental factor, with the exception of smoking, increases the risk of breast cancer. In the conclusion of the report it states:

"In order to identify additional opportunities to reduce breast cancer risk, further research needs to fill a host of knowledge gaps."

Incidence of Breast Cancer and Cure Rates

The statistics of the American Cancer Society show no change in the incidence of breast cancer in the past five years. The number of deaths also remains constant.

In an article by Sulick, “Why Do I Research Pink Ribbon Culture?” she points out the lack of actual progress in curing breast cancer:

• Incidence rates remain high, and some forty thousand women and hundreds of men die from the disease each year.
• Whereas about 25 percent of diagnosed women have a tumor in situ (confined within a duct or lobule) which is not life threatening, the remaining 75 percent are diagnosed with cancer that is actively spreading.

Pink Ribbon Culture: from Awareness and Support to a Culture of Survivors

Sulik describes pink ribbon culture as an attitude of optimisim and hope; and adulation and stories of “she-ro”s, – women who vanquish and transcend cancer, rising from the experience transformed.

In actual fact, she writes, the vast majority of them never had the disease.

Most "survivors," had ductal cancer in situ (DCIS), a tissue abnormality, that even doctors do not agree should be named “cancer.”

Dr. Love defines DCIS as a confined, non-invasive tissue abnormality that looks like cancer cells. It may become cancer, but in the majority of cases, does not. The treatment for DCIS is prevention of cancer by total mastectomy or lumpectomy followed by radiation, because, as Dr. Love states:

“Unfortunately, we don’t know how to tell which cases will come invasive and which won’t.” (Love 2010, p. 331)

Unintended Consequences of the Survivor Culture

Sulik complains that the "she-ro's" have set too high a bar for the 75% of women diagnosed who have deadly invasive cancer.

Stage 4, the most lethal and fast growing cancer, cannot be detected by mammography. Yet the message of the Pink Ribbon is that mammography and early detection will keep women safe.

According to Sulik, some women who she interviewed with Stage 4 breast cancer felt unwelcome and out of place at upbeat, optimistic breast cancer support meetings and were even asked to leave if they were negative or depressed.

Trivializing Breast Cancer

Sulik accuses Pink Ribbon culture of “trivializing” breast cancer. She believes that the manner in which some women depict their triumphs causes other women to believe that breast cancer is not a threat to their lives, but rather a normal experience for women.

She cites a passage in the book, Cancer Vixen, (Marchettio, 2009):

“Cancer, I am gonna will kick your butt.” “And, and I’m gonna do it in killer five-inch heels.” (Sulik, 2011, p. 96)

This cavalier attitude disturbs Sulick, whose closest friend died from a swift, vicious and devastatingly lethal form of breast cancer.

Sulik explains that, by glorifying the victorious female warrior over breast cancer, pink ribbon culture is beginning to “backfire:”

It keeps women ignorant, rather than aware of the deadly threat posed by breast cancer.

Sadly, it has effectively chased the most seriously ill back to hiding and silence.

Dr. Love Asks the Question

Dr. Susan Love approached basic scientists and asked the question – “…why they did not do breast cancer research on women [as opposed to laboratory studies].” One scientist said:

“I don’t know where to find the women.” (Love 2010, p. 633)

She then founded the Dr. Susan Love Foundation with a goal of recruiting women willing to be subjects in forthcoming studies of breast cancer.

HOW: The Health of Women Study

A cohort study is a study that follows healthy people through questionnaires over a long period of time, like The Nurse’s Health Study of Boston, which followed thousands of women over time and discovered a host of risk factors for chronic disease.

With internet communication, Love anticipates the participation of millions of women throughout the world, in the hopes of finding the key to preventing breast cancer.

The Issue is not Pink or no Pink - it is Prevention and Cure of Breast Cancer

Some women feel that Pink Ribbon optimism is distracting women from the lack of progress in breast cancer research. Regardless of how individual women feel about the Pink Ribbon campaign, the answer lies in action. Dr. Love and the HOW study is the best news about breast cancer in decades.

References:

Lerner, BH, “Pink Ribbon Fatigue,” New York Times, October 11, 2010.

Love, Susan M., MD. Dr. Susan Love’s Breast Book. 5th Edition. Philadelphia: Da Capo Press, Perseus Books Group, 2010.

National Breast Cancer Coalition Fund Annual Advocacy Training Conference, May 22 – 25, 2010. http://act.breastcancerdeadline2020.org/site/DocServer/NBCC_2010_Conference_Program.pdf?docID=1782. Accessed December 15, 2011.

Sulik, Gayle A. Pink Ribbon Blues, New York, Oxford University Press, 2011.

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How Angelina Jolie was duped by cancer doctors into self mutilation for breast cancer she never had

In a New York Times op-ed explaining her decision to have both of her breasts surgically removed even though she doesn't have breast cancer, Angelina Jolie cited risk numbers as key to her decision. She said that doctors told her she had an "87% risk of breast cancer." Her solution? Undergo three months of surgical procedures and have her breasts cut out.

Problem solved, right? With her breasts removed, she says her risk of breast cancer is now reduced to a mere 5 percent. The same bizarre logic can also be applied to men who cut off their testicles to "prevent testicular cancer" or people who cut out their colons to "prevent colorectal cancer." But that would be insane, so nobody does that, because one of the most basic principles of medicine is that you don't subject patients to the considerable risks and costs of surgery and anesthesia to remove organs that have no disease!

But the really sad part about all this is that Angelina Jolie was lied to. She didn't have an 87% risk of breast cancer in the first place. All the women reading her NYT op-ed piece are also being lied to. Here's why...

How cancer doctors lie with statistics and use fear to scare women into high-profit procedures

The very idea that breast cancer is a "percent risk" is a complete lie. In reality, everyone has cancer micro-tumors in their bodies, including myself. Cancer is not a disease you just "get" like being randomly struck by lightning. It's something you must "manage" or "prevent" day by day, meal by meal, through a lifestyle choice that involves vitamin D supplementation, nutrition, superfoods, vegetable juices and avoidance of cancer-causing chemicals and radiation.

So when a doctor says you have a "chance" of getting cancer, what he's implying is that you have no control over cancer, and that's an outright lie. Cancer quackery, in other words.

Even Jolie with her BRCA1 gene that's linked to breast cancer can quite easily follow a dietary and lifestyle plan that suppresses BRCA1 gene expression. It's not rocket science. It's not even difficult. It can be done with simple foods that cost a few dollars a day. Those foods include raw citrus, resveratrol (red grapes or red wine), raw cruciferous vegetables, omega-3 oils and much more. Those same foods also help prevent heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's and other chronic diseases.

Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), by the way, a natural chemical found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cabbage, offers powerful prevention against BRCA1 gene expression. But you don't hear cancer doctors telling women to "eat more cabbage" because that doesn't make the cancer industry any money. You can buy I3C as a potent nutritional supplement from a variety of sources. It's literally cancer prevention in a capsule.

So the whole "chance" argument is pure quackery. There is no chance involved in whether you get cancer. It's all cause and effect. You are either living a pro-cancer lifestyle and therefore growing cancer, or you're living an anti-cancer lifestyle and keeping cancer in check so that it never becomes a problem. Cause and effect is what results in either the growth of cancer tumors or the prevention of cancer tumors. There is no "luck" involved.

It's fascinating, isn't it, that medical doctors don't believe in luck or voodoo on any topic other than cancer. But when it comes to cancer, they want all women to be suckered into the victim mentality that cancer is purely a matter of "luck" and therefore women have no control over their own health outcomes. How dis-empowering! How sick! How incredibly exploitive of women!

If you really want to be informed about breast cancer and the corrupt, dishonest cancer industry, read my related article 10 Facts about the Breast Cancer Industry You're Not Supposed to Know. Or listen to our upcoming FREE Cancer Solutions Summit broadcasting this coming Monday, May 20th.

Why doesn't the cancer industry empower women with a sense of control over their own health?

I find it astonishing that the cancer industry doesn't believe in cause and effect. They would rather scare women with "risk" statistics that imply people have no control over cancer. Empowering women with a sense of control over their own health is the last thing the cancer industry wants to do, because that would cause them to lose customers and lose money.

It's far more profitable to scare all women into a state of such irrational panic that they agree to the most insane things imaginable such as chopping off both their healthy breasts even though they have no cancer. Such women are then convinced they've literally saved their own lives by agreeing to be mutilated by cancer surgeons.

"My chances of developing breast cancer have dropped from 87 percent to under 5 percent," says Jolie. "I can tell my children that they don't need to fear they will lose me to breast cancer."

Will she also tell her children they should mutilate themselves, too, as a form of medical disease prevention? And what happens if she learns she has a risk of brain cancer? Does she chop off her head and call it a cure?

The scam of making women believe there is only ONE way to reduce your "risk" of breast cancer

The other enormous scam in all this is the idea that there's only one way to reduce your "risk" of breast cancer. Even if you believe the fictitious number of "87% risk," why does everyone automatically assume there is one and only one way to lower that risk?

"For any woman reading this, I hope it helps you to know you have options," writes Jolie in the NYT. Yet she utterly fails to offer women any options other than the one she took: check in to a cancer center and let them play "cut-poison-burn" on your body. Jolie's op-ed piece, which reads as if it were written by the public relations department of the Pink Lotus Breast Center, offers nothing in the way of nutrition advice, lifestyle choices, holistic therapies, wellness, alternative medicine... nothing! What an incredible disservice to all the women of America...

In the world of health, nutrition and cancer, there are thousands of ways to prevent cancer and suppress the expression of BRCA1 genes. But Jolie and the cancer industry seem to imply no options exist other than chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. Three options only. Nothing else exists in their world, not nutritional prevention, not vitamin D therapy, not vitamin C potentiated micro-chemotherapy, not ozone therapy, sauna treatments, acupuncture, Chinese herbal medicine, stress reduction or anything else. You are supposed to believe that none of these things exist!

And why? Because the cancer industry wants to funnel women like cattle into their slash-poison-burn system of quack treatments. And Angelina Jolie is their new cheerleader. Scarred and no doubt experiencing the chest and armpit numbness that almost always accompanies mastectomy surgery, she now seeks to "inspire" other women to exercise their own sick "choice" and have their breasts removed, too!

It is the sickest invocation of women's power that I've ever witnessed. This is not empowering women, it's marching them into self-mutilation. And the "risk" is a complete fraud. In truth, Angelina Jolie had a higher risk of dying on the operating table than dying from breast cancer if she simply followed an anti-cancer lifestyle.

Don't be tricked into self-mutilation by cancer industry quacks

In summary:

• The claim that you have a "percent risk" of breast cancer is a big lie which implies you have no control over cancer.
• BRCA1 genes can be kept quiet (suppressed) through proper foods and lifestyle choices. A gene is not a death sentence.
• The implication that there is only ONE way to reduce breast cancer risk is a complete lie. There are thousands of options and strategies for preventing cancer. Never be cornered into surgery by a group of surgeons pushing irrational fear.
• Cancer micro-tumors exist in everyone. Cancer must be "managed" in everyone to keep it in check and avoid the growth of tumors.
• The cancer industry tricks women using unethical fear tactics to scare women with false statistics into high-profit cancer procedures that only cause them harm.
• The claim that cutting off healthy breasts somehow "empowers" women is sick and demented. Women are far more empowered by honest information on nutrition and healthy living that allows them to keep their bodies intact rather than being sliced up by dishonest cancer surgeons.

Via naturalnews

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Soy Protein Isolate and Breast Cancer

The protein separated from soybeans is known as soy protein. Soy protein isolate is obtained after removing most of the carbohydrates and fats from the soy meal. Proteins serve as building blocks for cells. Soybeans, soy flour, soy concentrate (70% soy protein) and soy isolates (90% soy protein) are the main sources of soy protein. Out of these, soy protein isolate is the richest source of protein.

Soy Protein Isolate

Health Benefits

Soy protein has been used in the food industry for more than 50 years. Soy protein isolate contains 90% or more protein. Proteins are essential for the growth and repair of cells, muscle building, and for proper functioning of bodily systems. Soy protein isolate is added to protein powders which replace milk and dairy products. It is an important ingredient of liquid nutrition meals, infant formula foods, and soy milk. It is used to enrich protein bars, fruit drinks and juices, sauces, salad dressings, soups, breads, breakfast cereals, pet foods, pastas, muscle building foods and dietary supplements. It is mainly present in processed and fortified foods.

Soy protein isolate is a highly refined form of soy protein, and it comes with a neutral flavor. Absence of fats and carbs makes it easy to digest. It does not lead to flatulence or gas. This protein isolate is loaded with all the essential nutrients like omega 3 fatty acids, calcium, protein, folate, choline, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and iron, which help improve your health. It improves heart health, strengthens the bones, and prevents prostate cancer. It is believed that it helps control problems like mood swings and fluctuating body temperatures in women. It also helps stabilize sugar levels in diabetic postmenopausal women. Several studies have proved that soy protein helps reduce bad cholesterol (LDL) levels, triglycerides levels, and thus helps reduce the risk of heart diseases.

Side Effects

Although soy protein provides complete proteins, excessive consumption of soy protein can affect your health seriously. It has been found that this isolate contains certain harmful substances like MSG (monosodium glutamate); although it is not mentioned on the labels. MSG consumption can lead to rapid heart rate, headache, chest pain, and numbness or tingling sensation in extremities. Studies have shown that phytoestrogens from soy protein may lead to hormonal imbalance. Excessive consumption of soy protein may affect libido and sperm count, and it can even cause erectile dysfunction. Some people may suffer from indigestion, allergy, constipation, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. But you need not worry about these side effects, as very few people experience them.

Risk of Breast Cancer

The protein isolate contains certain types of enzymes which can affect your health. Depending upon the extrusion process, it may contain high levels of genistein, daidzein and other soy isoflavones. Studies show that soy isoflavones do not lower the symptoms like 'hot flashes' in postmenopausal women. They do not help prevent the growth of cancerous cells in breast, uterus or prostate.

Low rates of breast cancer in Asian women were attributed to high consumption of soy through the diet. But it was noticed that various cultural factors also determine the cancer rates. In fact, no epidemiological evidence was found which could prove the belief that consumption of soy lowers the risk of breast cancer. Experimental studies regarding the effect of soy protein on breast cancer risk have not helped the scientists draw any conclusion. The results produced were very confusing and conflicting. Some studies showed that soy protein isolate containing isoflavones was not as efficient as soy protein concentrate lacking isoflavones; in preventing the progression of cancerous breast tumors. Certain rat studies showed that rats who were fed this protein isolate showed low chances of developing malignancies in breast, but those who developed breast cancer had highly invasive tumors. Results of another study which involved mice whose ovaries were removed, state that the isolate caused development of breast tumor (estrogen positive), and it also led to increased uterine weight.

Some researchers have found out that soy protein consumption can prevent breast cancer while some have stated that it can lead to increased risk of the cancer, especially in premenopausal women. Studies have shown that if soy is consumed early in life, especially in early adolescence, then it protects the girl from breast cancer, later in life. Small doses of the soy isoflavone 'genistein' can lead to abnormal growth of cells, while large doses can inhibit such cell growth. Some scientists have shown that genistein helps prevent abnormal growth of the blood vessels that support tumor growth, and it also helps prevent production of some enzymes that promote abnormal cell growth.

It has not been scientifically proven that consumption of soy protein isolate can lead to the development of breast cancer. Whether women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer should consume soy protein is a controversial topic. It is true that Asian women are at less risk for breast cancer than Western women; but Asian women, especially Chinese and Japanese women, consume soy mostly in the fermented form. Consumption of soybeans in the form of fermented soy products, tofu, soy butter, and soy nuts, is considered as a better way of consuming soy protein.

The above information shows that more studies are required to prove the usefulness of soy protein in preventing breast cancer. The above discussion also shows that it is difficult to draw any conclusion about the relationship between soy protein isolate and breast cancer, at this stage. If you are thinking of taking soy protein supplements, then you should consult your physician first.

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The Signs of Breast Cancer

What is breast cancer?

A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues in the breast is known as breast cancer. It is a heterogeneous disease, which means that it is a different disease in different women, different age groups and has different cell populations within the tumor itself. This disease is usually more aggressive in younger women.

What are the signs and symptoms associated with this disease?

Breast cancer awareness will help save your life because if the disease is discovered early, new vistas of treatment will be available to you.

Luckily all breast lumps are not cancerous, yet the most common sign of breast cancer in both men and women is a lump or thickening of the breast and swollen lymph nodes in the underarm (axillary area). Sometimes the lump is also found in the area above the collarbone (supraclavicular area). This is an indicator that the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

The other signs and symptoms are:

• A change in the color or texture of the dark pigmented area surrounding the nipple (known as areola)
• Swelling and a feeling of warmth in the breast
• A feeling of scaling and/or itching (called pruritus) on the nipple
• Tenderness around the nipple
• Sudden discharge from the nipple
• Development of rash around the nipple
• Increase in the size of the breast
• New pain that develops in one spot
• Pitting of the overlying skin which gives it an orange like appearance
• A breast lump that is non-tender
• Pulling in of the nipples or other areas of the breast
• Breast ulcer may develop as a later symptom of breast cancer.

What is the treatment available?

The treatment will involve surgery followed by a combination of radiation, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy. It is important to remember that the treatment varies from one individual to another.

Surgery is one such treatment that involves the removal of the lump. This may also include the removal of the lymph nodes in the armpit. The breast is only removed when absolutely necessary.

Chemotherapy is a procedure in which medicines that intervene with the growth of cancer cells and divisions are given. This is done to reduce the size of the tumors and to kill them too.

Hormonal therapy involves chemical signals that are released by different parts of the body and can be carried in the blood to some other area to have an effect there. Anti-oestrogens, aromatase inhibitors or LHRH analogs are designed to bar the effects of estrogen or its production. This results in the stopping or slowing down the growth of cancer cells.

Radiation Therapy as also X-rays and other high-energy rays are applied to the tumor and the surrounding areas to destroy the cancer cells.

When should I opt for medical advice?

You will be happy to know that not all breast cancers are cancerous. But despite that, it is advisable to visit the doctor as soon as you notice a lump or any of the tell tale signs. If you have already undergone treatment for the same, it is important to report any new signs and symptoms immediately. To be on the safe side, you could also talk to your doctor about developing a breast-screening program. This will depend on your family history and other factors.

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The Green Tea benefits For Cancer

Green tea and its extracts have purportedly been used to successfully treat many different types of cancer. Drinking green tea regularly is believed to greatly reduce the chances of developing cancer. Green tea contains polyphenol compounds (antioxidants) that have chemoprotective properties. They have demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and induce cancer cell death. Consumption of green tea has been associated with a reduced risk of stomach and colorectal cancer as well as prostate, breast, liver, gallbladder, pancreatic, lung and esophageal cancers. Here's why you should drink green tea for cancer:

Anti-Cancer Properties of Green Tea

Lab studies have found that the active compounds found in green tea can trigger apoptosis in leukemia and other types of cancer cells. They act as antioxidants, protecting cell membranes and DNA from free radical damage, which is known to contribute to the development of many different forms of cancer. Green tea is also believed to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties as well as the ability to boost the immune system, each of which plays a key role in cancer treatment and prevention.

Green Tea & Prostate Cancer

Studies have found that men who drink the most green tea have less inflammation in the prostate tissue. The same studies have found that green tea polyphenols have antioxidant effects inside the prostate, which is believed to help protect the cells from damage and lower the risk of developing prostate cancer. Similar studies have found that drinking green tea has the ability to slow prostate cancer growth.

Green Tea & Breast Cancer

More and more studies are linking green tea with a reduced risk of breast cancer. A study at Columbia University Medical School found a correlation between green tea extract and stopping the growth of tumors in women with breast cancer. In another study, one extract from green tea was found to inhibit growth factors that can contribute to breast cancer development.

Use

While there is not a consensus on exactly how much green tea (or green tea extract) is needed to help prevent cancer, it is clear that daily consumption of green tea may help reduce the risk of cancer as well as a variety of other health problems. It is safe to say that drinking at least 2 to 3 cups of green tea per day can be a healthy addition to one's diet and may even greatly reduce the risk of cancer. Consult a doctor before using green tea extract for cancer treatment or alongside other cancer drugs and treatments.

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Back Pain Breast Cancer

Breast cancer pain can be caused by referred pain from the cancer itself, or an unrelated back problem such as a back injury. Nevertheless effective treatment for the back pain and the cancer can be achieved despite not necessarily knowing the precise cause.

Cancer pain relief treatment

You can treat your back pain using the home use Russian scenar this will give you fast and effective pain relief. You can also use back pain exercises on this link.

The importance of diet in breast cancer

If you eat predominately acidic foods and drinks then acid deposition in your back muscles and in between your vertebrae can cause inflammation and pain. So adopt an alkaline diet to neutralise damaging acid build up. Acid build up in your breast tissue and elsewhere in the body damages cells, weakening the cell Walls so cancer causing bacteria can enter the cells causing breast cancer and secondary cancers.

If you have breast cancer then it is important to follow the plant based diet recommended in the China Study. This study is the most extensive study on the effect of nutrition on diseases such as cancer ever undertaken you can order the book from Amazon on the following link. Another important book is the ph Miracle by Dr Young this gives lots of good advise on alkalising your system in order to combat disease including cancer. You can buy these books from amazon on the image links below left.

Stress causing back pain

Stress can cause back pain, so check out the chest pain stress page and follow the guidelines which include breathing meditation which is an effective antidote to stress and has strong pain killing effects. Using the scenar and reducing stress can also be an important part of your programme to help you recover from breast cancer.

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No Touch Breast Exam Fails Test

Women do not like to have their breasts squeezed by equipment to get a routine mammogram. So they welcome other options like thermography. "It's just like having your picture taken," one woman explained. Using near-infrared sensitive film and computer enhancement, advocates say it is as good as x-rays and may even be better because women won't avoid having it done. So it could be useful for screening. But does it really find early breast cancer, when it can be most easily cured?

No, according to a recent study. Women who had biopsy proven early cancer then had breast thermograms done just for the study. Only half the cancers were found by thermography. And when the thermogram interpretation was "no lesions" (no abnormalities), it was correct only 77% of the time (negative predicative value).

Investigators turned up the sensitivity in the system. They could then improve the sensitivity (ability to detect lesions)—87% of the known lesions were spotted by thermography—but at the cost of generating too many "false positives." The specificity fell to less than 50%, meaning that about half the women who would have been told they had no lesions actually did.

These results were presented at a conference of breast specialists. One doctor in the audience disputed the findings, saying results in his office had a sensitivity of over 90%. But he had never published his results. He was invited to submit his data for scientific review.

Not the First Negative Study

This study was not the first to rain on thermography. Looking at five published studies that were scientifically reasonable, investigators in New Zealand found sensitivity of screening thermography to be 25% compared to routine mammography. Specificity was 74%, meaning only about three of four woman declared without lesions (normal) were without lesions.

Expert Warning

The (US) Food and Drug Administration "warned women not to substitute breast thermography for mammography to screen for breast cancer." (June 2, 2011)

Because thermography is advertised directly to women, an editorial in the December, 2011, National Review of Cancer called for regulatory action to curtail companies from misleading the public.

Expert Advice about Screening

After careful analysis of all reputable data, the United States Preventive Services Task Force states, "The USPSTF recommends biennial screening mammography [by x-ray] for women aged 50 to 74 years. ['Biennial' means every two years.]....The decision to start regular, biennial screening mammography before [emphasis added] the age of 50 years should be an individual one and take patient context into account, including the patient's values regarding specific benefits and harms. "

Mammographic screening from age 40 to 50 is controversial. The USPSTF does not recommend it because they believe the data do not support a life-saving benefit. One suggestion is to screen only women who are at high risk due to family history, or who have dense breasts. (Ravenstock et al, 2012) (However, it may take a mammogram to determine who has dense breasts).

Sources

Guilfoyle CM et al. Does infrared thermography predict the presence of malignancy in patients with suspicious radiologic breast abnormalities? American Society of Breast Surgeons 2012; Abstract 92. reported by Charles Bankhead in MedPage Today, May 7, 2012

Fitzgerald A, Berenstson-Shaw J: Thermography as a screening and diagnostic tool: a systematic review. New Zealand Medical Journal. 2012 Mar 9;125(1351):80-91.

Lovett KM, Liang BA: Risks of online advertisement of direct-to-consumer thermography for breast cancer screening. Nat Review Cancer 2011 Dec; 11 (12): 827-8

US Food and Drug Adminsitration

US Preventive Services Task Force

Van Ravesteyn NT et al. Tipping the balance of benefits and harms to favor screening mammography starting at age 40 years: A comparative modeling study of risk. Ann Intern Med 2012 May 1; 156:609.

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Mammogram Cost

There are many women in the world who are suffering from breast cancer. This disease can be avoided if proper precautions are taken in the early stages. For diagnosing irregularities in a woman's breasts, there is a procedure known as mammography which is also referred to as a mammogram examination. It is suggested that women from age 20 should think of undergoing mammography every three years, and once a year after they reach age 40.

Mammography is a medical procedure that is crucial for diagnosing breast cancer or other breast complications at an early stage. It is the examination of breasts using X-rays. In the procedure, the medical professional sets the breast in between two plastic plates. The plates then compress the breast tissues and get an X-ray. It only requires around 20 minutes to get this procedure done.

How much does a Mammogram Cost?

The primary determinants of mammogram prices are the state, city, and facility of treatment and health insurance. In general, mammogram costs start from about $100 to $300 or even more in particular conditions. Health insurance also plays a vital role when it comes to the costs. A majority of the states now require health insurance agencies to cover all or partial expenses of the treatment, especially for women above the age of 40.

In order to get the full benefits, discuss the contents and specifications of your health insurance policy with the service provider. If you are not covered by any health insurance policy, you will need to bear expenses ranging from $80 to $120. However, some may have to pay more as per the location of the treatment. In some health insurance plans, you are expected to pay a co-pay which falls somewhere between $10 to $35.

On the other hand, some policies do not demand money to be paid out of your own pocket. Along with a mammography test, you may also be suggested to undergo Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) every year if you are at a high risk of contracting breast complications. This may add up to the cost considerably. In case any complication is found in your breasts, there are some additional tests to be carried out, which may contribute to the overall costs.

For women aged 40 or above, Medicare will handle 80% of the screening costs every year. The government has set beneficial rules and regulations on insurance companies to cover up all or some of the expenses incurred from the procedure. October is considered as the National Breast Cancer Awareness month. So, there are many hospitals and medical care facilities who offer discounts during this month that you can avail of.

Another alternative to mammography is a clinical breast examination which is more inexpensive. However, it is better that this examination is followed through a mammography. After reading the above article, you might have understood that spending a few dollars in a mammogram cost at an early stage is certainly beneficial for preventing the chances of breast complications in the future.

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The 10 Health Benefits of Avocados

Here are ten reasons to do just like I do and eat an avocado a day:

Prostate Cancer Prevention
Avocados have been shown to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer.

Oral Cancer Defense

Research has shown that certain compounds in avocados are able to seek out pre-cancerous and cancerous oral cancer cells and destroy them without harming healthy cells.

Breast Cancer Protection

Avocado, like olive oil, is high in oleic acid, which has been shown to prevent breast cancer in numerous studies.

Eye Health

Avocados have more of the carotenoid lutein than any other commonly consumed fruit. Lutein protects against macular degeneration and cataracts, two disabling age-related eye diseases.

Lower Cholesterol

Avocados are high in beta-sitosterol, a compound that has been shown to lower cholesterol levels. In one study, 45 volunteers experienced an average drop in cholesterol of 17% after eating avocados for only one week.

Heart Health

One cup of avocado has 23% of the recommended daily value of folate. Studies show that people who eat diets rich in folate have a much lower incidence of heart disease than those who don't. The vitamin E, monounsaturated fats, and glutathione in avocado are also great for your heart.

Stroke Prevention

The high levels of folate in avocado are also protective against strokes. People who eat diets rich in folate have a much lower risk of stroke than those who don't.

Better Nutrient Absorption Research has found that certain nutrients are absorbed better when eaten with avocado. In one study, when participants ate a salad containing avocados, they absorbed five times the amount of carotenoids (a group of nutrients that includes lycopene and beta carotene) than those who didn't include avocados.

Glutathione Source

Avocados are an excellent source of glutathione, an important antioxidant that researchers say is important in preventing aging, cancer, and heart disease.

Vitamin E Powerhouse

Avocados are the best fruit source of vitamin E, an essential vitamin that protects against many diseases and helps maintains overall health.

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Facts About Soursop and Cancer Cure

The soursop, also known as Graviola (in Portuguese), is an evergreen tree native to parts of Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and the northern portion of South America. It is also found in sub-Saharan African countries that lie within the range of tropics. Nowadays, the Graviola tree is also grown in some parts of south-east Asia. The reason why this plant has managed to garner so much publicity is because of the claim that it has the potential to cure cancer. It is only now that the world has come to know about its health benefits. A cure for cancer has always been a huge topic of research the world over, and the discovery of soursop as a potential cure is said to be a breakthrough in this field.

Can Soursop Cure Cancer?

Whether soursop can cure cancer is still questionable, but there have been studies conducted to validate this claim. Studies to check for the effect of Graviola on cancer cells began sometime around in the 1970s. It was the National Cancer Institute that performed the first ever scientific research study on this subject in the year 1976. Results of this research showed that Graviola's leaves and stems were found quite effective in attacking and destroying malignant cells. Furthermore, it has been claimed that since the same year, Graviola was proven to be a potent killer of cancer cells in over twenty different laboratory tests and studies that were undertaken.

A study published in the Journal of Natural Products following a recent study conducted at the Catholic University of South Korea stated that a certain chemical found in Graviola can selectively kill colon cancer cells at almost 'ten thousand times the potency of Adriamycin'. (Adriamycin is the drug commonly used as a part of chemotherapy). Another interesting fact regarding its healing power is that Graviola selectively targets only the harmful cancer cells, while it leaves behind healthy cells of the body untouched. Thus, unlike chemotherapy, which indiscriminately kills all cells (especially the superficial ones, like hair cells) in the affected region, Graviola does not harm the healthy cells. It also spares the person in question of the side effects of chemotherapy like severe nausea, hair loss, weight loss, and deforming skin changes.

Some studies even claim that soursop can target and help in the treatment of nearly twelve different types of cancers including colon, breast, lung, prostate, and pancreatic cancer; the extracts of Graviola are also known to kill certain cancer cells of the liver which can't be destroyed through chemotherapy. It is also claimed that during the course of chemotherapy, Graviola manages to protect the immune system by preventing it from getting harmed by the effects of chemotherapy. There are experts who question the effectiveness of using Graviola for cancer treatment. In-depth research on the subject can thus, help us understand more about benefits of Graviola.

Being a healthy citrus fruit, there are many benefits offered by soursop. Curing cancer may or may not be one of those benefits. The truth is that chemotherapy and radiation can only do so much to help in treating cancer, but not curing it. Hence, any natural way of at least mitigating, if not curing, the effects or slowing down the progression of this deadly disease are always welcome. Of course, one needs to be wary of taking in excess Graviola in the name of alternative treatment. This is because it has been observed that soursop in excess leads to neurological damage that closely resembles Parkinson's disease. It is always advisable to consult your oncologist or health care provider before trying out this supposed natural remedy for cancer.

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Soursop The Promising Cancer Treatment

The soursop, Annona muricata, belongs to the Annonaceae family, along with the paw paw, Asimina triloba. Initially grown for its delicious fruit, it has recently been promoted as an antic cancer treatment.

Health and alternative medicine publications continually refer to research work carried out at Purdue University under the leadership of Dr. Jerry McLaughlin, and claim that McLaughlin and his co-workers have isolated a group of chemicals from the soursop that selectively target the tumour cells of drug resistant cancers.

The Truth Behind the Anti-Cancer Claims

Mclaughlin has, in fact, carried out National Cancer Institute funded research on both the soursop and the paw paw since 1976. He has also discovered a group of chemicals known as the annonaceous acetogenins that do indeed appear to destroy tumour cells in breast, ovarian, pancreatic, liver and lung cancers. These chemicals, derivatives of long chain fatty acids, have also been shown to display pesticidal properties.

Despite these tests occurring in vitro only (that is, in the lab but not on actual cancer patients), McLaughlin’s results are encouraging. The acetogenins appear to act by inhibiting an important electron transport pathway in the production of ATP in the mitochondria of tumour cells, with the result that these cells are depleted of the energy they require to grow and multiply.

Moreover, it is the tumour cells that seem to be targeted and not normal somatic cells, as Purdue scientists discovered in tests on six human cell lines. Apparently, a special glycoprotein pump present in tumour cells that is capable of resisting the effects of anti cancer drugs is destroyed by acetogenins.

The Limited Effectiveness of the Soursop as a Cancer Treatment

Mclaughlin’s best results, however, have been with the paw paw, rather than the soursop. Two acetogenins, Bullatacin and Bullatalicin, found only in the paw paw, have proved to be much more potent than other chemicals in this family of compounds.

The Purdue team have discovered that these two molecules have double ring structures, as opposed to the less effective compounds with single or triple rings. Tests carried out by the pharmaceutical company, Pfizer, have also confirmed the effectiveness of Bullatacin in killing tumour cells.

As a consequence, while the 30 or so acetogenins in the soursop do have the capacity to destroy cancer cells, they are much less effective than those found in the paw paw. Furthermore, because extracting acetogenins from the soursop is not rigorously controlled, there is no guarantee that the concentration of this compound in the ground leaves, seeds and twigs of the plant is consistent.

Paw paw preparations, on the other hand, appear to be more stringently monitored. Paw paw twig extract, endorsed by McLaughlin, is available in capsule form from the company ‘Nature’s Sunshine’. Given the higher potency of paw paw acetogenins, coupled with its more sophisticated production techniques, it would seem that cancer patients seeking alternative treatments should choose this over any soursop products on the market.

Why Haven’t Acetogenin Treatments Been Approved by the F.D.A?

It must be noted that none of these acetogenin preparations have yet to be approved by the FDA as cancer treatments. According to the alternative medicine magazine, ‘Truth on Medicine’, large pharmaceutical companies, which could afford clinical trials, are not interested in acetogenins because they are natural compounds that cannot be synthesised.

As a result, they cannot be patented and are therefore not a profitable proposition. Mclaughlin himself adds that because the acetogenins have multiple forms (or isomers), it would be too difficult a task for these companies to process an average of around 256 possible isomers per molecule. With a range of up to 50 different acetogenins, McLaughlin believes this would be ‘simply too complex for modern studies’.

Can Acetogenins be Synthesised?

The accuracy of McLaughlin’s statement can perhaps be questioned in the light of studies by the University of Minnesota in 1993 and the Scripps Research Institute in 2000 that have in fact managed to synthesise isomers of Bullatacin, one of the most potent acetogenins. Whether this is enough for pharmaceutical companies to work with and patent is another question.

Nevertheless, the fact that independent studies continually show the tumour suppressing qualities of the acetogenins suggests a degree of truth in the claims made about the Annonaceae family. In the light of McLaughlin’s work, however, further research on the paw-paw rather than the soursop would appear to hold more promise.

References

Avedissian et.al, 2000, ‘Total Synthesis of Asimicin and Bullatacin’, The Scripps Research Institute, technion.ac.il

Cancer active, 2010, ‘Graviola anona Muricata’, canceractive.com

Fassa, P., 2010, ‘Newly Discovered Herbs Revealed for Healing Cancer and Other Diseases’, truthonmedicine.wordpress.com

McLaughlin, J., ‘Paw Paw -Alternative Cancer Treatment’ Parts 2-7, smashcancer.com

Paw Paw Research.com, 2006, ‘Graviola is Inferior to Paw-Paw as a Cancer Treatment: Here’s why’, pawpawresearch.com

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Understanding Cancer and Carrot Health Benefits

Well, considering how amazing carrots are for health, especially its juice, no prizes for guessing why he does that! But all said and done, it is fantastic for maintaining your health. In fact, studies have shown that carrots and cancer have a significant link. Its juice is believed to be extremely potent in reducing risks of different types of cancers.

Cancer and Carrot Health Benefits

Nutrients in Carrot Juice

This juice has been touted as the miracle juice all over the world. And why not, it is fully loaded with vitamins, minerals and other substances essential for good health. So to get to how it prevents cancer, this premise is necessary. The juice has vitamins A, C, D, E, K, B1, B6 along with iron, calcium, sulfur, copper, chlorine, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium. Each of these vitamins and minerals play their role to the fullest to make this juice an unbeatable prospect when it comes to dealing with the leviathan called cancer. In addition to these, the juice contains beta carotene, which is a potent weapon against cancer.

Major Beneficial Nutrients

Vitamin E: The first strong contender in carrot working against cancer is the wily old vitamin E which exists in three chemical forms - alpha, beta and gamma tocopherol. These are together called vitamin E complex. According to a study, interestingly, a relation has been established between vitamin E and growth and division of cells essential to keep the tissues healthy. Amazing as it may sound, when in laboratory conditions, cancerous tissues were placed in blood serum loaded with vitamin E, they did not grow. In addition to that, vitamin E improves immunity and inner strength of your body, which can also deal well with cancer.

Vitamin A: My granny always tells me to eat carrots because it is good for the eyesight. It surely is. Those who have a very negligible power when it comes to lenses or glasses, eating carrots or having its juice can help them regain the 6 by 6 eyesight. All thanks to vitamin A, which is found in abundance in it. Can you believe that 200 grams of carrot juice, actually has 50,000 or more units of vitamin A? But that is true, believe it or not! A very famous dietitian, in fact, cured a woman suffering from stomach cancer, armed only with juice of carrots!

Beta Carotene: Carrot juice can stave off breast and skin cancer due to the amount of beta carotene it has. Primarily beta carotene is an antioxidant and it eliminates free radicals totally from the body. It also takes care of preventing the cell degeneration which happens in our body. Consequently it also prevents the aging process. Apart from this, because of anti carcinogen properties in carrot juice, cancer is prevented.

Other Nutrients

Other nutrients like vitamin B and C in have an effect in totality on maintaining and stimulating necessary body functions like metabolism, healthy teeth and bones, bracing up the immune system, improving digestion, enhancing vision, good skin, and such others. These as a whole prevent lung cancer, blood cancer and who knows there might be many more! Thus after all this, we can safely say that the benefits of juicing carrots are umpteen!

Many nutritionists and dietitians swear by health benefits of this vegetable. Many have done a lot of experiments as well and have emerged as a success. Now, with all these mind-boggling benefits, who would not munch carrots? So, are you ready for your daily dose of the miraculous red juice?! Go for it!

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Soy Milk Finally Side Effects Revealed

We've always known soy beans to be healthy beans loaded with ample amounts of vitamins, proteins and fiber. So what's this about soy milk side effects? Can a nutrient provider prove deleterious? There are scores of lactose intolerant people across the globe who are advised to switch to drinking soy milk because of their inability to drink cow's milk. Moreover, vegans depend on soy for a large portion of their protein intake. If soy milk is detrimental, would they be given this advice? Moreover, what about all the soy health products available in health stores? Are soy milk dangers just a fad or is there some truth to it? Let's find out!

Side Effects of Soy Milk

Studies reveal that only one side of the soy coin has been revealed. Food companies and drug manufacturing companies have been touting the benefits of soy for decades together. However, they have conveniently ignored the existent soy milk risks.

Flatulence

Being high in protein soy-products do spearhead gas production. The amount of gas produced will vary depending on the amount consumed and the amount each one's body can tolerate. When taken in moderate amounts a day, soy is not seen to cause any major gas problems, however, some pregnant women seem to be suffering from extreme bloating and gas after consumption of soy-products. In such cases, it is best for pregnant women to avoid soy and consume other protein-rich foods. It is up to each person to test how much soy milk can be consumed comfortably without facing gas problems.

Soy Allergy

Just like peanuts, shellfish, milk, eggs allergy, etc. soy allergy is also present. People allergic to soy protein may experience various symptoms on consuming soy milk. A person can develop allergic reactions like cough, wheezing, hives, facial swelling, vomiting, diarrhea, fainting, etc. While extreme allergic reactions leading to death are rare, its incidence is possible. This is why people with soy allergy need to be very careful regarding the consumption of soy contaminated products.

Soy Milk Formula for Infants

In the United States, about 750,000 infants are given soy formulas every year. While soy milk formula is safe for babies, it may not be beneficial for infants with colic problems. Moreover, soy milk formula is also not recommended for infants below the age of two years because it contains very less fat as compared to cow's milk. Fat from milk is highly important for the baby's growth and brain development. Then again, there is always the risk of the little one being allergic to soy protein. According to some research soy can trigger developmental and thyroid problems in babies, however, this hasn't been proved as yet. So, turn to soy only if it's the last resort.

Soy Milk and Thyroid Function

Goitrogens present in soy milk are substances that are said to have the ability to suppress the functioning of the thyroid gland. They are believed to interfere with the iodine uptake and conduce to enlargement of the thyroid gland. This has been noticed in animal research, however, the exact connection between thyroid and soy has not been understood well. Nevertheless, it is better to be safe than sorry.

Phytic Acid Content

Non-fermented soy milk contains large quantities of phytic acid, which when introduced into the body after consumption, prevent the body from absorbing essential minerals and vitamins in the digestive tract. This can conduce to several deficiencies and health problems even though the person is consuming a diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals. Absorption of minerals like calcium, iodine, iron gets hampered and we all know how important these minerals are for the proper functioning of our body.

Myths About Soy Milk

There is a lot of talk about soy milk being harmful for men, as it lowers testosterone levels and sperm count in men. There are also rumors that soy milk enlarges men's breasts. This belief stems from the fact that the isoflavones present in soy bean have estrogen-like properties. However, this is not true. A study conducted at the University of Oxford, on 696 men, with varied soy milk intakes, revealed that there is no connection between soy milk intake, and serum sex hormone levels in men. Moreover, another study reveals that consumption of soy, can help reduce the risks of prostate cancer in men. The very same isoflavones help prevent prostate cancer. Thus, soy milk is not at all harmful for men.

Soy milk contains the female hormone estrogen mimicking compound called isoflavones. These compounds are known to be linked to diseases like leukemia and breast cancer. However, a study conducted in 2008, and published in the Nutrition Journal stated that there is minimal evidence to say that isoflavones can trigger breast cancer. Without clear evidence the allegations are baseless.

Don't panic after reading all the above mentioned soy milk side effects, to the extent that you stop buying soy milk completely! Drink organic fermented soy milk. Soy milk like any other product should be consumed in moderation. Excess of any food product can cause problems in the body. When you buy food products right from soy milk, soy sauce, soy bean yogurt, soy bean ice-cream, soy bean cookies to soy bean burgers and hotdogs, you are in for a problem. Limit your purchases to only one or two soy products.

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Understanding The Causes of Leukemia

Leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow and the lymphatic system. There are different types of leukemia that can affect the health of a patient. Of these types, certain leukemia generally affect children and about 30% affect adults. Leukemia usually involves white blood cells that causes them to divide abnormally. These cells do not function properly and do not die like the normal blood cells. This causes them to crowd in the system and affect the number of normal cells. This Buzzle article will help you learn more about the leading causes of leukemia.

Causes

Leukemia causes extensive damage to the bone marrow, by displacing the normal bone marrow cells with a huge number of immature white blood cells resulting in a lack of blood platelets that are important in the process of blood clotting. This means people with leukemia will be easily bruised and bleed excessively, or develop pinprick bleeds (petechiae). White blood cells, which are involved in fighting pathogens, may be suppressed putting the patient at the risk of developing infections. The red blood cell deficiency leads to anemia, which may further cause dyspnea. However, the exact cause of leukemia is not yet understood. There are a number of factors that scientists feel are responsible for its occurrence.

These factors cause mutation in the DNA of blood cells. This causes them to grow and divide rapidly. Their life span is also more than the normal blood cells. Thus, they crowd the healthy blood cells and lead to appearance of signs and symptoms of leukemia.

Factors that Lead to Leukemia

Numerous risk factors may be responsible for DNA damage within the blood cells. The risk factors believed to have the strongest associations with leukemia include the following major causes:

• Age - Roughly 60-70% of leukemia occur in people who are older than 50.
• Radiation - A high risk of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is caused among people who have been exposed to high doses of radiation.
• Chemicals - Workers who are exposed to benzene are prone to having acute leukemia. If exposed to some other solvents, herbicides, and pesticides can also cause this deadly disease.
• Viruses - The human T-cell leukemia virus I (HTLV-I) is related to acute T-cell leukemia. It can also affect humans through animal viruses.
• Genetics - Risk of Leukemia is seen among children with Down's syndrome, which is a genetically linked chromosomal abnormality which means an extra chromosome 21. Three rare inherited disorders like Fanconi's anemia, Bloom's syndrome, and ataxia telangiectasia, also can cause leukemia.

Leukemia is also found among racial and ethnic groups with different genetic make-ups. Other factors that are suspected to be possible causes of leukemia are as follows:

a. Cigarette smoking

Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for leukemia. Chemicals in tobacco smoke include benzene, polonium-210, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) are absorbed by the lungs and are spread via the bloodstream. It is estimated that one in four cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is the result of cigarette smoking.

b. Cancer therapy

Individuals who have undergone chemotherapy and radiation therapy for previous cancers have a greater chance of getting secondary leukemia. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) has been reported after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for various solid tumors (breast cancer, ovarian cancer), blood malignancies, and nonmalignant conditions. The chemotherapeutic agents most often associated with secondary leukemias are procarbazine, chlorambucil, etoposide, mechlorethamine, teniposide, and cyclophosphamide.

The risk is increased when these drugs are combined with radiation therapy. Most secondary leukemia cancers are developed within 9 years after treatment of Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, or childhood CLL. Further chemotherapy often is ineffective in patients with secondary AML; their prognosis is less favorable than that of typical AML patients.

c. Other medical therapy and events

Use of the antibiotic chloramphenicol has been linked with the development of childhood leukemia. Other medications, such as growth hormones and phenylbutazone, also have reportedly shown some associations with leukemia. Leukemia and lymphomas have been observed in recipients of organ transplants, and certain immunodeficiency syndromes are associated with leukemia (e.g., infantile X-linked agammaglobulinemia and lymphatic leukemia).

Researchers have studied the many cellular changes associated with leukemia; however it is unknown why these changes occur. Many risk factors are involved and most of them are unmodifiable (beyond control). Other factors (e.g., environmental, lifestyle-related variables) are controllable (modifiable).

d. Miscellaneous

All cancers, including leukemia, begin as a mutation in the genetic material- the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), within certain cells. The abnormal leukemia cells remain in an immature blast form that never matures properly. They do not die off like normal cells, but tend to multiply and accumulate within the body like I included in the first paragraph of this article.

e. DNA errors

DNA errors may occur in the form of translocations. Damage produced when part of one chromosome becomes displaced and attached to another chromosome. Translocations disrupt the normal sequencing of the genes. As a result, oncogenes (cancer-promoting genes) on the chromosomes may be "switched on," while tumor suppressors (cancer-preventing genes) may be switched off. Much leukemia contains translocations that affect the blood cell chromosomes. Physicians often test for these translocations to help diagnose leukemia, determine a patient's prognosis, and identify the error.

Symptoms

• Joint pain
• Weakness and fatigue
• Easy Bruising
• Swollen or bleeding gums
• Swollen tonsils
• Enlarged liver and spleen
• Loss of appetite and/or weight
• Frequent infection
• Bone pain
• Fever, chills, night sweats and other flu-like symptoms
• Neurological symptoms (headache)

Until we find the cause or causes of leukemia, there is no way to prevent the disease. Even when we figure the cause, they may prove to be things which are not readily controllable, such as naturally occurring background radiation, and therefore not especially be helpful for prevention purposes. It is thus, not always possible to use preventive measures in case of leukemia.

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Health Benefits of Carrot

The carrot is a root vegetable which has an Indo-European origin. The tap-root of this vegetable is the edible part and it is considered to be nutritious and good for health. It is a rich source of many different nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, iron, etc. The chemical known as beta-carotene makes carrot an important food source in fighting several health problems. The nutrients present in raw carrots are destroyed once they are cooked. Thus, raw carrots health benefits are much higher than cooked ones.

Health Benefits of Carrots

The various health benefits and nutritional facts of carrots are mentioned in the following paragraphs. Prevention of cancers and heart attacks are among the important health benefits of carrots. There are many other benefits of carrot intake discussed in detail in the following article.

Prevention of Cancer

The chemical called beta-carotene is useful in the prevention of many types of cancers including lung cancer. As per studies conducted, the intake of carrot reduces colon cancer risk by 24%. Women who consume carrots are less prone to the development of breast cancer as well.

Protection from Heart Diseases

The importance of carrot intake in preventing heart problems has been emphasized by doctors and research teams. As per the research conducted at Wolfson Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Edinburgh, cholesterol levels reduce by 11% in a matter of three weeks if 7 oz. of carrots are included in the daily diet. Studies conducted at the Mario Negri Institute of Pharmacological Research, Italy indicate that the risk of heart attacks is reduced by 1/3 in those who consume carrots regularly.

Prevention of Diabetes

Carrots help in reducing blood sugar levels by inversely affecting insulin resistance. The carotenoids present in carrot juice are useful for the regulation of sugar levels.

Prevention of Strokes

The chances of a person suffering from strokes are reduced by 68% if carrots are included in the daliy diet. As per studies conducted, those with high levels of beta carotenoids in the body have a greater chance of surviving strokes.

Reduces Macular Degeneration

The beta-carotene present in carrots reduce the risk of macular degeneration by 40%. The disease affects the macula and is mostly found in elder/aging people.

Purple Carrot Health Benefits

Purple carrots have all the phytochemicals present in the orange one, plus antioxidants and anthocyanins. Apart from being antioxidant in nature, the phytochemicals present in these carrots are anti-inflammatory as well as anti-bacterial.

Other Carrots Health Benefits

The appearance/look of hair, skin and nails improves a lot with the intake of carrots. It also helps lower high blood pressure as well as the level of cholesterol. The quality of breast milk is enhanced/improved by the regular intake of carrots. Infections are kept at bay if carrots are consumed on a regular basis. Carrots are also considered to be good for endocrine and adrenal glands. Improvement in eyesight, increase in menstrual flow, regulation of blood sugars and promotion of colon health are some of the other carrots health benefits. The intake of carrots also helps in overcoming problems such as night blindness, sexual dysfunction, lower sexual drive, long term cough, etc. Moreover, it also helps in strengthening the kidney.

The information in the article presented above provides us with the knowledge about the different health benefits of carrots. Raw carrots health benefits are much higher than cooked carrots. One should, however, make it a point to include carrots, either raw or cooked, in their diet on a regular basis.

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Health Benefits of Broccoli

Broccoli or Brassica aleracea is a plant that belongs to the family Brassicaceae, which includes vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower, and Brussels Sprouts. Broccoli closely resembles the cauliflower, except for its color. It is an extremely nutritious vegetable, which is loaded with a number of vital nutrients and chemicals.

Nutritional Information

It is one of the most significant sources of several important vitamins, including vitamin A, C, K, B6, B12, and folate or folic acid. It is abundant in calcium, potassium, chromium, magnesium, iron, and zinc. Apart from these, it contains several important phytochemicals and antioxidants, of which beta carotene, isothiocyanates, quercetin, indoles, and glutathione are worth mentioning.

It also contains the compound, sulforaphane, which has been found to possess anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-diabetic properties. It is a rich source of fiber, and can meet the dietary requirements for both soluble and insoluble fiber. On the other hand, this vegetable is low in fats.

Health Benefits

The high vitamin C content of broccoli makes it an ideal vegetable for getting enough antioxidants, which are essential for neutralizing the harmful free radicals. Vitamin C can also strengthen the immune system and facilitate the absorption of iron. On the other hand, calcium and potassium found abundantly in this vegetable can prove beneficial for conditions like osteoporosis and high blood pressure.

Calcium is required for healthy teeth and bones, while potassium is a crucial mineral for metabolism, and for maintaining water balance in the body. This mineral is also good for the heart and the kidneys. Broccoli also contains a significant amount of chromium, which can help regulate the level of blood sugar and insulin.

This vegetable contains a significant amount of fiber, which is good for the health of the digestive system. Many studies have also highlighted the anti-cancer properties of this vegetable, which can be attributed to its high sulforaphane and indole content. Sulforaphane can help activate and increase the levels of those enzymes that are associated with suppressing cancer or cancer-causing agents. On the other hand, indoles can deactivate estrogen metabolites, and hence lower the risk of hormone-related cancer like breast and prostate cancer.

Apart from these, some other health benefits of this vegetable are, weight reduction, cholesterol reduction, control or prevention of Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and stomach, colon, and lung cancer. The carotenoids found in this vegetable are important for the eyes, and they can help prevent diseases like cataract.

Pregnant women can lower the risk of birth defects in their children by including broccoli in their diet. A deficiency of folic acid is one of the most important risk factors for birth defects. This vegetable contains enough folic acid, and hence, it can help lower the incidence of birth defects in babies.

So, broccoli is an ideal food that can help control or prevent several common ailments, including cataract, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, common cold, diabetes, and even cancer and tumors. However, try to avoid overcooking this vegetable, as this can reduce its vitamin and mineral content. It is better to cook this vegetable in simple ways, like steaming or baking, instead of frying it in excess oil or fats.

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The 9 Health Benefits of Limes

Limes are a citrus fruit. While the sour lime is the most common in the United States, there are also varieties of sweet limes. Lime juice is used in all types of food preparation (our favorite is in guacamole!) as well as in cocktails, skin creams, disinfectants, candies, oils, toothpastes and more. Limes were essential to maintaining the health of the British navy during the 19th century because their vitamin C content prevented scurvy. This is why British sailors are called Limeys. Here are 9 health benefits of limes:

Cancer Prevention

Limes contain limonoid, a compound believed to have anti-carcinogen effects. These compounds are thought to help prevent skin, mouth, stomach, breast, lung and other types of cancer. An article published in the "Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry" noted that limonin has been proven to induce cancer cell death. Limes are also a potent source of antioxidants, particularly vitamin C. Antioxidants reduce the risk of cancer by preventing free radical damage to the cells and DNA. Limes may have anti-inflammatory properties that can slow the risk of chronic inflammation, another high risk factor for developing cancer.

High In Antioxidants

Limes are a great source of vitamin C and other phytonutrients and flavonoids with antioxidant properties. Antioxidants are key in neutralizing free radical activity that damages the cells and DNA and can increase the risk of cancer, heart disease and premature aging.

High In Vitamin C

Just a quarter cup of lime juice contains over 46% the DV of vitamin C. Vitamin C is one of the most important vitamins and antioxidants in human health. It helps boost the immune system, supports heart health, wards off sickness and disease and protects the eyes from conditions like cataracts.

Antibiotic

One of the flavonoid compounds found in limes are believed to have powerful antibiotic properties. Studies in west Africa found that the daily addition of limes into the diet of villagers helped reduce the occurrence of cholera.

Immunity Booster

The vitamin C in limes helps to boost immunity and offer long term support for the immune system. It may help to prevent the flu and the common cold as well as reduce the risk of chronic diseases like cancer.

Anti-Inflammatory

Vitamin C and many of the other phytonutrient compounds in limes have anti-inflammatory effects. Limes may be useful in lowering the risk of conditions related to chronic inflammation like arthritis, asthma, and heart disease.

Rheumatoid Arthritis Prevention

A study of more than 20,000 people published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases found that subjects who consumed more vitamin C rich foods like limes were far less likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis and related arthritic conditions. Subjects who ate the least amount of foods with vitamin C were three times more likely to develop arthritis.

Heart Health

Antioxidants like vitamin C are often associated with a reduced risk of heart attack and heart disease. Foods that have potent anti-inflammatory properties are also believed to help support the cardiovascular system.

Eye Health

Vitamin C is essential to the proper function of the eyes. Vitamin C deficiency can lead to cataracts and other eye conditions. Maintaining good vitamin C levels by eating citrus like limes and lime juice is a good way to maintain proper eye health.

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The 10 Health Benefits of Eggs

Some of you may have eaten eggs over the Easter weekend so I thought I'd post ten health benefits of eggs (and it doesn't count if they were chocolate eggs!)

1. Eggs are great for the eyes. According to one study, an egg a day may prevent macular degeneraton due to the carotenoid content, specifically lutein and zeaxanthin. Both nutrients are more readily available to our bodies from eggs than from other sources.

2. In another study, researchers found that people who eat eggs every day lower their risk of developing cataracts, also because of the lutein and zeaxanthin in eggs.

3. One egg contains 6 grams of high-quality protein and all 9 essential amino acids.

4. According to a study by the Harvard School of Public Health, there is no significant link between egg consumption and heart disease. In fact, according to one study, regular consumption of eggs may help prevent blood clots, stroke, and heart attacks.

5. They are a good source of choline. One egg yolk has about 300 micrograms of choline. Choline is an important nutrient that helps regulate the brain, nervous system, and cardiovascular system.

6. They contain the right kind of fat. One egg contains just 5 grams of fat and only 1.5 grams of that is saturated fat.

7. New research shows that, contrary to previous belief, moderate consumption of eggs does not have a negative impact on cholesterol. In fact, recent studies have shown that regular consumption of two eggs per day does not affect a person's lipid profile and may, in fact, improve it. Research suggests that it is saturated fat that raises cholesterol rather than dietary cholesterol.

8. Eggs are one of the only foods that contain naturally occurring vitamin D.

9. Eggs may prevent breast cancer. In one study, women who consumed at least 6 eggs per week lowered their risk of breast cancer by 44%.

10. Eggs promote healthy hair and nails because of their high sulphur content and wide array of vitamins and minerals. Many people find their hair growing faster after adding eggs to their diet, especially if they were previously deficient in foods containing sulphur or B12.

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Health Applications of Echinacea

Echinacea has been used as a medicinal plant for centuries. The Native American Indians used it to treat infections and wounds. European explorers learnt about its uses and brought it back to Europe to be studied for its applications to treat many ailments. More commonly today, Echinacea is used to treat and prevent the common cold although some studies have found that it has little effect.

In America today, Echinacea is one of the most popular supplements taken to treat many ailments. In Germany, Echinacea has been approved by the health authorities to treat wounds, urinary tract infections and upper respiratory tract infections. This article discusses the active properties of Echinacea, the types available, recommended dosages and side effects.

The Chemical and Nutrient Properties of Echinacea

There are three varieties of Echinacea plants used for their medicinal properties. The most commonly used variety and the strongest is Echinacea Purpurea. The other varieties are Echinacea Augustifolia and Echinacea Pallida. Both the root and the above ground parts of the plant are harvested for medicinal use. The chief chemical properties which are believed to be responsible for the plants application to treat many ailments are polysaccharides and alkamides.

It is also the source of the minerals potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, selenium and zinc. It contains the vitamins C and B1, B2 and B4. It is the source of the phytochemicals beta-carotene, quercetin and rutin. All these unique properties promote its medicinal usages as a powerful antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antihistamine and immune system boosting potential.

The Health Benefits of Echinacea

• Immune System Booster
  
  
  Echinacea is commonly used to treat infections. Some studies have shown that this supplement stimulates the production of white blood cells called leukocytes. Leukocytes are required to fight off harmful invading organisms in the body. Many people also believe that regularly taking Echinacea helps to prevent, reduce the frequency, reduce the severity and reduce recovery times of the common cough and cold.

• Helps fight Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2
  
  
  Some animal studies have found that taking an Echinacea supplement in the form of capsules or as an herbal tea or applied as a tincture directly to the site of a herpes breakout, helps to kill off the herpes virus. Very few clinical studies have been performed on humans therefore it has not been confirmed as a treatment for herpes by health authorities.

• Treatment for Wounds
  
  Echinacea ointment and creams applied directly to wounds has shown to accelerate healing and prevent infection. Some studies have shown that topical treatments of Echinacea help to reduce the amount of scarring post wounds. It is believed that the faster the wound heals the less scarring and wound complications. However, topical treatments of Echinacea to established scarring has shown no scar improvement.

• Treatment for Inflammatory Conditions
  
  Echinacea has been shown to be effective in treating inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, psoriasis, eczema, tonsillitis and inflammatory bowel diseases. It helps to reduce the pain and swelling in these conditions. The polysaccharide components of this supplement help to reduce inflammation and promote tissue regeneration. The polysaccharides and alkamides stimulate the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex which also helps to fight off inflammation.

• A Treatment for Some Types of Cancer
  
  
  Echinacea stimulates one of the immune system cells called macrophages to release a chemical that is toxic to tumor cells. It therefore helps to prevent cancer cells from forming and also helps to reduce the size and growth of cancer cells. It can however interfere with immunosuppressant treatments for cancer and hence is not for everybody undergoing cancer treatments.

• Skin Treatment
  
  
  Echinacea is often a chief ingredient in many commercially available skin products. Its chemicals help to promote strong, healthy connective tissue which results in smooth, glowing skin.

Recommended Dosages

Echinacea as a supplement is available in the forms of tablets, capsules, liquids, ointments, tinctures and as an herbal tea. You should always follow the dosing information on the package as concentrations vary from product to product. Generally an adult can take 1 to 2 grams of dried herb as an herbal tea, three times a day for 10 days. Alternatively an adult can take 2 to 3mls of the herbal extract. Ointments for the treatment of wounds can be applied as required.

Side Effects

Generally Echinacea is well tolerated with few reported side effects. Uncommon side effects can include gastrointestinal disturbances, fever, drowsiness, headache, dizziness and muscular aches and pains. It can also cause an allergic reaction in some sensitive people and may interact with your current medications. Allergies to Echinacea are more common if you are allergic to ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds and or daisies. Pregnant and breast feeding mums should not take Echinacea supplements. People who have been diagnosed with autoimmune disorders, HIV, Aids, tuberculosis, white blood cell disorders and or multiple sclerosis should not take this supplement. It is therefore recommended to always talk to your doctor before you commence taking any herbal supplement.

In conclusion, Echinacea has many health promoting benefits. Scientific studies are still being performed on this herb to this day for its applications for health. Millions of people world wide take this supplement daily and swear by its benefits to health. Some people believe it is a weight loss and blood pressure lowering herb also but these attributes have not been scientifically proven. Long term effects of taking Echinacea are not understood, therefore it is recommended to take it for a period of no more than 10 days before discontinuing for at least a month. Given that it has very few reported side effects, it can be considered a safe herbal supplement to include in your daily supplement regime.

Sources

Mayo Clinic Echinacea Retrieved November 9,2012

University of Maryland Medical Center Echinacea Retrieved November 9,2012

ABC Science Maggie Fox Echinacea may prevent colds, says study Retrieved November 9,2012

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