Jun 5, 2013

Energy-Efficient Bulbs: Halogen Vs. Fluorescent Vs. Incandescent

Some light bulbs are better than others for the environment, and in order to find out which ones are better, simply compare them by how much energy they need to produce light. Both halogen and incandescent bulbs produce light by heating a tungsten filament with an electrical current. Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), on the other hand, create light through an entirely different mechanism. The fluorescent gas inside the bulb produces ultraviolet light when electrified, and the lamp's coating converts the ultraviolet light into visible light. Because of this, CFLs are between 67 percent and 80 percent more energy-efficient than incandescent bulbs. Halogen lamps stand somewhere in between, ranked as more efficient than normal incandescent bulbs, but not as efficient as fluorescent lights.

Luminous Efficiency

Light is measured in units called "lumens," which correspond to the amount of light produced per watt. For a source of light to be 100 percent efficient, it would hypothetically need to give 680 lumens per watt (see References 1). The luminous efficiency of fluorescent lighting is the highest, between 9 percent and 11 percent for most CFLs, while conventional incandescent bulbs stand between 1.9 percent and 2.6 percent efficiency (see References 1). The luminous efficiency of halogen lamps cradles between the previous two at an approximate 3.5 percent efficiency. 

Luminous efficiency is one way to determine which bulb to choose, yielding CFLs as the most efficient, followed by halogen bulbs and then incandescent bulbs. Another element to look at is the watts it takes to produce the same amount of light. For example: It takes an incandescent bulb 60 watts to produce the same amount of light that would take a CFL bulb only 15 watts to produce (see References 2). Manufacturers are required to list both the lumens produced as well as the watts used by every bulb, so luminous efficiency can be calculated easily (see References 5 and 6).

Halogen Bulbs vs. Conventional Incandescent Bulbs

Incandescent bulbs, including halogen bulbs, produce light by heating a filament of tungsten metal until it is white hot. In a normal incandescent bulb, the tungsten slowly vaporizes and deposits on the inside of the bulb until it is too thin to carry an electric current and the bulb burns out. Halogen bulbs are filled with a special gas that causes the vaporized tungsten to be deposited back onto the filament instead of the inside of the bulb (see References 3). Halogen bulbs last longer and also burn hotter than conventional incandescent bulbs, making them slightly more efficient. However, these gains may be negated by the extra energy an air conditioner must use to cool a room.

Effects on Climate

Compared to incandescent bulbs, fluorescent lamps are especially efficient in warm climates. Around 90 percent of the energy used to power an incandescent bulb is transformed into heat, as opposed to 30 percent for CFLs, which use less electricity to begin with. When it's hot out, switching to CFLs not only reduces electricity for lighting, but it also reduces workloads on air conditioners. The opposite is true in cold climates. Without the extra heating from incandescent bulbs, more natural gas or oil needs to be burned to heat homes and businesses. In areas where electricity is cheap or comes from non-fossil fuel sources, switching to CFLs can actually increase overall energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions (see References 4).

New Energy-Efficient Halogen Bulbs

A new class of halogen bulbs has recently been developed. These new bulbs use a special infrared coating to redirect infrared light back toward the tungsten filament, reducing waste heat and improving efficiency by up to 30 percent over typical incandescent bulbs (see References 3). They are still not as efficient as CFLs, which are around 75 percent more efficient than normal bulbs, but this variety offers top-tier efficiency when it comes to halogen bulbs.

References
  • Community College of Rhode Island: The Nature of Light
  • General Electric: FAQs: Compact Fluorescent
  • General Electric: FAQs: Halogen
  • Canadian National Research Council: Impact of Conversion to Compact Fluorescent Lighting on Greenhouse Emissions
  • General Electric: Halogen Products
  • General Electric: Compact Fluorescent Products

Five Things You Didn't Know About Green Lighting

The Daily Green, cowrote a field guide to the subject, a new book called Green Lighting: How Energy-Efficient Lighting Can Save You Energy and Money and Reduce Your Carbon Footprint. We picked five little known facts about lighting from the book to bring you an overview of what you'll find.


Different Spaces Deserve Different Lights

For many of us, our lighting strategy ends with changing the bulbs in an overhead light. But it can pay to get a little more creative. A single light source is often not the most efficient, or attractive, way to light a room, and different rooms need different kinds of lights. In the kitchen, try pairing overhead CFLs with undercabinet LEDs to shine a light right where you need it. In the living room, layers of light that include floor or table lamps for reading and accent lights in recessed, low-voltage fixtures can make the room more versatile and add depth. Bedrooms need soft lights, so try lamps, wall sconces and dimmer switches.

Want to Dim the Lights? Try a CFL... Someday

Standard CFLs are not dimmable, and putting them on a dimmer switch can shorten their lifespan, void warranties and even become a fire hazard. That's why it was surprising to learn that dimmable CFLs are not only available, the technology is improving quickly enough that they're almost pleasant to use. Almost, but not quite.

The problem isn't entirely with the bulb: The switches are made for incandescent lamps and they can't always dim a CFL through the entire lighting range, causing problems like blinking, or worse. Some brands have developed switches that dim any type of bulb.

In the near future there will likely be a dimmable CFL that doesn't disappoint, and until then mood-setters and romantics should try energy-saving halogens. And for a full lighting range and mostly problem-free dimming, try upgrading not just the bulb, but the switch, too.

Fluorescent Bulbs Actually Reduce the Amount of Mercury in the Air

Mercury is the bugbear of CFLs for safety-conscious consumers. CFLs contain a small amount of the toxic metal-usually about five milligrams. Under pressure from environmental groups, the industry is working to reduce that amount further. It's surprising, therefore, that the bulbs can actually reduce mercury in the environment.

To understand how, let's first put the mercury in context. Five milligrams is a tiny amount, about enough to cover the period at the end of this sentence. A watch battery has 25 milligrams and a manual home thermostat has 3000 milligrams. Even breaking a CFL bulb is not likely to expose people to enough mercury to hurt them. Now, consider that burning fossil fuels is the main source of mercury in the environment. A power plant will spew 10 milligrams of mercury to power an incandescent bulb, compared to only 2.4 milligrams to power a CFL for the same amount of time. That's how CFLs reduce mercury: fossil fuels are the real mercury emitters, not broken CFLs.

Energy Star Isn't Just About Energy

Energy Star certifies CFLs for power efficiency, and those bulbs can cost less to use than incandescents. That much is clear, but why buy a certified CFL when a non-certified CFL is cheaper? It's because the non-certified CFL probably isn't cheaper in the long run. Energy Star certification also guarantees a lifespan of at least 6000 hours, a two-year warranty and minimum requirements for light quality. Other CFLs could burn out more quickly, disappoint with poor coloring, respond slowly to the ‘on' switch, and make noise while they operate.

Speaking of burning out, as CFL's approach the end of their lifespan, they dim over time and then they may pop, like an incandescent lamp, or even smoke. The safety certifier Underwriters Laboratories (UL) says that's normal and not a safety hazard. But, if it happens, it can be worrisome, to say the least. Some manufacturers are including mechanisms to make CFL's burn out more like incandescents. Look for the UL mark for a guarantee that the bulb meets certain safety standards.

The Future of Lighting

Next-gen lighting will probably include technologies that are already applied on a limited scale, or it may be different from what anyone can guess. These are some speculations. Organic LEDs may make luminous panels or wallpaper for measured lighting throughout a room. LEDs that look like incandescent bulbs could also hit shelves. They're coated with quantum dots, which are nano-sized crystals that soften the light's glow. Also, scientists are taking a new look at plasma lights, the lights without electrodes that Nikola Tesla invented at the turn of the last century.

5 Watt Stereo Amplifier Electronic Kit MK190

Build a 2x5 Watt Stereo Power Amplifier for MP3 Players

The MK190 stereo amplifier can put out 5 watts (rms) of audio power per channel. Capable of driving two small loudspeakers, it's suitable for use as a PC sound card amplifier, an mp3 player amplifier, and many other audio projects.


User assembly of electronic kit components and soldering is required.

Features
  • big sound from a small unit
  • low distortion
  • input: stereo 3.5mm jack
  • volume adjust complete with attractive knob
  • slide on/off switch
  • blue indicator led
Specifications
  • 2 x 5Wrms (10% THD @ 4ohm / supply 14V)
  • sensitivity: 400mVrms for full output
  • freq. response: 30Hz - 100kHz (-3dB / 8 ohm)
  • power supply: 6 to 14V DC regulated / 1A max.
  • speaker impedance: 4-32 ohm (speakers not included)
  • dimensions (w x d x h): 2.59" x 2.08" x 0.98" (66x53x25mm)
  • electronic component assembly and soldering required
Documents

How-To Install Windows 7 bootable USB Flash drive

Installing Windows from a USB flash drive has several advantages :

First of all, the overall speed of the installation process will increase significantly, carrying a USB stick is much more convenient than a DVD, and finally it becomes possible to install the OS even on those systems that do not have a DVD drive, such as a netbook.

In this post, I will show you how to load the Windows installation in your USB flash drive and how to make it bootable just like the DVD from your .iso image.

Prerequisite is a copy of  Microsoft Windows 7 ISO.

STEP 1.

Just Download this Tool from Microsoft Website and Install in your Desired PC then browse your .iso image and follow some easy steps:

Link --> Windows 7 USB/DVD download tool

Step 2.

Install The tool downloaded from the link given above.

Step 3.

a.Open the tool the user interface will look like
b. Select the windows 7/8 ISO file
c. Select USB Device and then Click Start over
d. Wait for the Process to get completed.
After completely copied your iso image to the flash drive you will be able to boot your pen drive and able to install Windows 7

Jun 3, 2013

UP Professors on K to 12: Lengthening the Suffering, Increasing the Burden

It is true that the Philippines is one of the few countries in the world that has only four years of secondary education. It is also true that with a conservative figure of around 35 students per teacher in high school, the Philippines has currently the worst teacher student ratio in the secondary level of education in the East Asia and the Pacific region. For example, Malaysia and Singapore have a ratio of 14 pupils per teacher, Thailand 19, Indonesia 12, Vietnam 18. (All data cited represent the latest available from UNESCO.) 

It furthermore cannot be denied that the Philippines allocates only a measly 2.6 % of annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to the total education budget in contrast to Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore which allot more than 3 %. Vietnam on the other hand allocates more than 5 % while Malaysia spends close to the ideal 6 % yearly. The industrialized nations of the world spend on average 6 % of their GDP on education. 

The Education Development Index (EDI) which ranks countries according to compliance with the United Nations Millennium Goal of “Education for All” puts the Philippines at rank 85 while neighboring Indonesia and Malaysia are 69 and 65 respectively. The lack of adequate budget and resources has consistently been identified in the past as the main reason for the deterioration and demoralization of Philippine education.

In 1970, the Philippines and China were the only nations with four years of secondary education. In 1977 China added one year and another year subsequently to make a total of six. Of the 39 countries which had five years of secondary education in 1970 only nine have shifted from five years to six and another five countries from five years to seven.

Bhutan, the setting of the fictional Kingdom of Yangdon in the telenovela “The Princess and I” underwent a similar transition to that which the Philippines will undergo under the so-called K to 12 Program. In 2003, Bhutan lengthened secondary education from four to six years. 

Bhutan may be a poorer country than the Philippines in many respects but it seems to have a better sense of educational priorities. In 2001, two years before the change to six years, it increased public expenditure in education as percentage of GDP from 5.8% to 5.9%. After two years of implementing the transition, public expenditure for education rose to a very high 7.2 percent of the GDP. (It has since then been lowered to around 4 percent currently.) In 1998 its teacher to pupil ratio was 38.6, but in 2006 this had been reduced to 22.8 even with the additional two years of secondary education.

Having learned nothing from Yangdon, even as it currently implements K to 12 (which the Department of Education estimates will cost P150B), the Philippine government has made no significant gesture at increasing the budget for education as a whole and towards improving such important indicators for quality as the teacher-pupil ratio.

However, the more fundamental question is, does the Philippines really have to undergo such a transition to six years? A study by Felipe and Porio in 2010 has shown that the deplorable, bottom-rung results of the Philippines in international Math and Science tests (TIMMS) is not the result of merely having a shorter education cycle. They discovered that elementary students from countries such as Russia, Latvia, Hungary, Italy, Egypt and Iran with even shorter elementary cycles than the Philippines were easily able to surpass the Filipino 4th and eighth graders.

It was also determined in another study that although Malaysia and Brunei had longer education cycles, it turned out that the Philippines had actually allotted longer hours of instruction time per subject. These longer hours of instruction however did not translate into higher scores. The superior results of these other countries could probably be better explained by the higher percentages of GDP reserved for education as a whole and their use of more comprehensible national languages in math and science. Some even less developed and poorer countries than the Philippines do indeed have longer basic education cycles. But this does not imply that these longer periods necessarily translate into higher quality. These may instead merely result in longer periods of “education” languishing in decrepit and deplorable conditions.

The supposed “shortage” of time in teaching is simply not as urgent as the other major shortages which have plagued Philippine education for decades. The notion that the curriculum needs to be “decongested” implies that there is not enough time to learn everything that must be learned. But who or what dictates this “everything” which supposedly must be learned and the number of hours which it must be taught? What are these knowledges, or curricular contents, which are supposedly comparable and exchangeable internationally? It is taken for granted that these are derived from some vague “international standards.” 

However these are actually dictated and imposed by international business interests and their spokesmen in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and in treaties such as the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). The loss of national sovereignty in determining national standards and priorities in basic education is mystifyingly taken for granted by the “anti-congestion” proponents of K to 12. The deep erosion of academic freedom in institutions of higher education in the name of neo-liberal ideology, managerialism and the domination of market forces is furthermore accepted without question.

Another reason cited by the Department of Education in defense of the K to 12 Program is that the Philippines must lengthen secondary education by two years in order to comply (at least on paper) with “international standards” set by treaties such as the Bologna Process and the Washington Accord. The explicit principal intent of the Bologna Process is to make European Universities “more competitive” internationally in attracting foreign (especially Asian) students.

Ironically, our “compliance” with it is intended to make us more eligible buyers and “consumers” of the educational “products” which they offer. This has obviously nothing to do with Philippine economic interests. On the other hand, the government’s labor export policy also faces the very real obstacle posed by international professional standards which supposedly require twelve years of basic education for the practice of professions.

In the contemporary situation in which at least 45% of Filipinos live in poverty, a better proposal than making all poor households pay more for the additional two years of high school would be to make those who want to work or study abroad pay for the additional costs through other appropriate systems of assessment and accreditation.

Rather than spreading further the education budget for this big project, which merely reflects the politics of educational reform in our country, the State should concentrate its efforts and budget in basic education -improving the quality, building science education, scholarship, establishing centers for teachers continuing education. We can be certain that the K to 12 Program of the current government will not raise the quality of Philippine education, instead it will only lengthen the suffering of students in a decrepit, corrupt and miserably underfunded system. The additional two years will also constitute an additional and insupportable burden among the majority of poor families struggling to put their children through high school. Finally, the K to 12 Program will not redound to the benefit of the Filipino people since it firmly puts foreign interests before the development priorities and educational needs of our country.

Congress of Teachers/Educators for Nationalism and Democracy –University of the Philippines(CONTEND-UP)

Member, Alliance of Concerned Teachers-Philippines (ACT-Phils.)

Via ACT

School Banned all-girls lewd photo on Facebook

News broke this week of a girl banned from her graduation rites after posting a “lewd” photo on Facebook.

The all-girls Catholic school St. Theresa’s College in Cebu City imposed a “harsh sanction that [the student] cannot join the commencement exercises” after posting a photo of herself in a bikini on the social networking site. The school deems these photos “obscene” in a sanction filed by school principal Celeste Ma. Puerisma Pe. One of the rules of the exclusive school prohibits “posting and uploading (of) pictures on the internet that entail ample body exposure.”


The mother of the 16-year old girl has filed a lawsuit Tuesday against the school, saying her daughter has “suffered sleepless nights and (was) complled to bear hate against the school.” In her defense, the mother says the pictures were not lewd, and were taken in a private social activity not under the school’s supervision and control. A judge is set to release a ruling today (Thursday) whether the girl would be allowed to join the commencement ceremony and other school activities. [edit: the court has ruled that the student be allowed to attend the graduation rites]

This brings about the question — should schools have a say on what their students post on their personal online profiles? Watch the anchors of ANC’s Morning discuss their views on the topic, and comment below or in our forum with your thoughts on the issue.

Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga 13



Description
Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga 13
CPU
  • 3rd generation Intel® Core™ i7-3537U
  • 3rd generation Intel® Core™ i7-3517U
  • 3rd generation Intel® Core™ i5-3317U
  • 3rd generation Intel® Core™ i3-3217U
Operating System
  • Windows 8 Pro 64
  • Windows 8 64
Memory
  • 4GB, 8GB DDR3
Graphics
  • Intel® HD Graphics 4000 (integrated)
Dimensions
  • 333.4 x 224.8 x 16.9 mm (13.1 x 8.9 x 0.67")
Camera
  • 1.0MP 720p HD integrated webcam
Display
  • 13.3" HD+IPS capacitive multitouch display (16:9 widescreen) (1600x900)
Weight
  • 1.54 kg (3.4 lbs)
I/O Ports
  • 1 USB 2.0 port
  • 1 USB 3.0 port
  • Combo jack
  • HDMI
  • 2-in-1 card reader (SD/MMC)
Storage
  • 128/256GB DDR (double data rate) SSD (solid state drive); HDD Interface: m-SATA II (SATA300); DMA Mode: Transfer Multiword DMA mode-2, Ultra-DMA Mode 6; User Upgradable: No
Wireless Connectivity
  • Lenovo 802.11 b/g/n wireless
  • Bluetooth® 4.0
Keyboard
  • AccuType keyboard
Battery Life
  • 8 hours
Security Features
  • OneKey® Recovery
Pre-Loaded Applications
  • Accuweather
  • Amazon Kindle
  • Birzzle
  • Cyberlink YouCam
  • eBay
  • Evernote
  • Fishing Joy
  • Intelligent Touchpad
  • Lenovo Cloud Storage by SugarSync
  • Lenovo Companion
  • Lenovo Energy Management
  • Lenovo Motion Control
  • Lenovo Support Center
  • Lenovo Transition
  • McAfee® AntiVirus Plus
  • Microsoft® Office 2013 Optimized (purchase of product key required for activation)
  • OneKey® Recovery
  • RaRa
  • Skype

Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) IdeaPad Yoga 13 Driver Download

Audio
  • Conexant Audio Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
BIOS
  • BIOS Update for Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
Bluetootrh and Modem
  • Realtek Wireless LAN & Bluetooth Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
Camera and Card Reader
  • Camera Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download Bison here Chicony here
  • Realtek Card Reader Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
Chipset
  • Intel Chipset Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
  • Intel Management Engine Interface for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
General Information
  • Partition Structure Hotfix for Windows 8 (64 bit) download here
Mouse and Keyboard
  • Synaptics TouchPad Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
Networking: Wireless LAN
  • Realtek Wireless LAN & Bluetooth Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
Power Management
  • Lenovo Energy Management for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit ) download here
Software and Utility
  • Intel Rapid Start Technology for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
  • ALSControl for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
  • Dynamic Platform and Thermal Framework for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here
USB Device
  • USB 3.0 driver for Windows 8 (32-bit, 64-bit) - Desktops, Notebooks (Windows 8 Inbox driver) download here
Video
  • Integrated Graphics Driver for Microsoft Windows 8 (64-bit) download here

Risks Involved in LASIK Eye Surgery

Any type of surgical procedure has a possibility for complications. It is natural that when a person’s body is opened up and tools are in use that bacteria of some can enter the patient or the body could have a reaction related to the medication.

LASIK surgery is no different, there are risks to LASIK eye surgery, but they are few and far between.

As doctors and engineers improve to perfect the equipment used in the process, and as doctors continue to screen for the right candidates to have the procedure, LASIK risks continue to drop. Research now shows that with the right pre-testing and surgical care the risk of any complications in LASIK surgery are less than 1%.

The most common risk with LASIK surgery is a complication with the flap created by the surgeon to cover the cornea. In traditional LASIK surgery the flap is created when tissue is cut by a surgical tool known as a microkeratome. Since this tool, a metal blade is used by a human being there remains a risk related to human error.

When this type of traditional LASIK is performed the risk is when the flap is then used as the natural bandage at the end of the surgery it is not the right size. Therefore, it irritates the eye and causes what is known as an irregular astigmatism. This LASIK risk is greatly reduced by a newer “bladeless” LASIK procedure, because the blade or microkeratome is replaced by a laser, that eliminates the human error.

When assessing these risks it is recommended that you ask your doctor if and how these problems can be repaired and corrected. Some complications that arise from LASIK can be made even worse by over or under correction. Ask your doctor as part of your original process how they handle this situation.

Back to School for Homeschoolers

It’s almost time for everyone to go back to school, and homeschooled kids are not exempted! Contrary to what many people may assume, homeschooling families also need to prepare for the new school year, much like kids enrolled in brick-and-mortar schools.


To help prepare for the school year ahead, here are a few pointers:

1. Before anything else, write down your homeschool goals for the year. Include your reasons for homeschooling. Lay out your expectations of yourself as a parent teacher, and of your kids, too.

If your children are old enough, ask them to express their goals and expectations, too. This is something that should help guide you and keep you focused, especially during difficult days. (And believe me, there will be difficult days!)

2. If you haven’t already, decide how you want to approach homeschooling this year. According to the Homeschool Association of the Philippine Islands, or HAPI, the majority of Filipino homeschoolers either enroll with a DepEd-accredited homeschool provider or go independent, following pre-selected curricula. Some even pursue interest-led learning or unschooling.

3. Once you’ve determined how you’ll go about homeschooling for the new school year, find out what you will need in terms of books and other materials.

If you’re going independent, you may want to look for good record-keeping resources. (Many of these are available online.) If you’re enrolling with a provider, make sure you know what your kid’s requirements are. To save on expenses, you may also want to source out secondhand books from fellow homeschoolers.

4. Once your books and materials are with you, you may want to spend some time getting familiar with them. This will help you, as a parent teacher, be more confident about what you will be doing throughout the school year.

5. You may also want to make a daily plan for the first month of school. If necessary, you can always make adjustments after you have finished the first week of school. This will help make things easier both for you and your child.

6. When drafting an outline of your schedule for the year, don’t forget to incorporate fun learning activities. Remember, homeschooling should be an enjoyable experience for both parents and children.

7. Seek out a support group for homeschoolers. This applies especially to the independent homeschool families, i.e. those who are not enrolled with homeschool providers.

Having a support group is a great way to get encouragement, tips, advice and prayer support. It’s also a good way to learn about the different homeschool curricula and methods out there.

8. To get your kids excited about “going back to school,” you can ask them to accompany you when you purchase your school materials. You can also ask their help to arrange the “school area” in your home, if you have one. What’s important is you involve them in the “back-to-school” preparations as much as possible.

9. To make going back to school more fun, you may want to have a “back to school celebration” the day before you officially start your homeschool year.

You can have a family outing; spend some time together playing games; or throw a simple party with a cake and balloons — it’s really up to you how you want to go about it! The main point here is celebrating the fact that you’ll be starting another school year together as a family!

10. On the first day of school, go over the goals you’ve set for your homeschool year with your kids. Enlist their support and commitment in helping you achieve them.

Being able to homeschool your kids is a great gift and blessing, and a great responsibility as well. Preparing well for it, therefore, is a good way to make the road to home education a little bit smoother. In the words of Confucius:

Why you must read smallprint on laser eye surgery

IF you are tempted to try life-changing laser eye surgery, it is worth checking out the risks first.

A survey by Which? found that six in ten High Street opticians offer unsatisfactory advice and fail to point out the dangers. But it’s hard not to be tempted by cut-price deals offering treatment for as little as £295 per eye.

Here, LYNSEY HAYWOOD speaks to top UK surgeon Professor Dan Reinstein, of the London Vision Clinic, about the procedure.

And five people who have gone through the process reveal how it has changed their lives – for better and worse.

EVERY year more than 100,000 people in the UK undergo a painless procedure that takes about ten minutes and heals in a few hours.

It frees them from the inconveniences of prescription glasses and contact lenses.

The safety, effectiveness and technology of laser eye surgery has improved by leaps and bounds since it started 20 years ago.

It’s natural to be worried but in the right hands it’s extraordinarily safe. I’ve done it on friends and I would do it on my family.

Flying a Boeing 747 is safe, as long as you have a good pilot, and it’s the same with refractive eye surgery.

It’s extremely rare now to have a serious complication from laser eye surgery and it is now possible to correct most problems.

The technology here is better than in the US, where the procedure is much more commercial and there are a lot of people providing cheap specials. But there is still a huge range in the quality of care offered and little help to guide the average person to choose the best option.

One of the most confusing things for a person considering laser eye surgery is that one can find laser eye surgery advertised for anything from £295 “per eye” to more than £3,000. I dislike advertising with “per eye” fees as most humans have two eyes.

The second most confusing thing is that everyone says they are using “the latest technology”.

The third most confusing thing is that everyone claims virtually 100 per cent 20/20 rates on their websites and advertising materials.

Obviously, the best deal would be to have it for £295 using the very best technology with the best surgeon and a 100 per cent guarantee of 20/20 vision.

It is rather cynical to think that the cheaper the laser eye surgery the more appropriate the pricing and that the more expensive providers are just making more profit.


Intricate ... Professor Reinstein says researching eye surgery is key

The bottom line is that, generally speaking, if laser eye surgery costs more it’s because you’re getting better care. But what are the cheaper providers cutting out to make it cheaper?

There is a wide range in quality of care and, unfortunately, the laser eye surgery sector has no regulation to help the public.

Providers claim they are using the latest equipment. But with six laser systems on the market, how can they all be telling the truth?

The Advertising Standards Authority will investigate and curb inappropriate advertising but the process takes so long that misleading advertising can be on the airwaves for months before it is ruled against.

Even when this does happen, the advertiser can just put up another misleading ad that then takes months to rule against and so on.

Practitioners with technology, expertise and comprehensive aftercare to ensure the best possible outcome tend to be those where the fees are higher.

It costs more to have access to the technology, expertise and the consultation time required to assess your eyes before and after surgery to protect your night vision, so that you don’t end up needing reading glasses after surgery when this could have been avoided.

Quality really does vary between surgeons. Some people do it one day a week but you really need to find someone who does it for five.

But you have to do your research. By all means go to the cheapest provider first but don’t undergo surgery without also having a consultation with a provider offering a higher standard and is therefore charging more.

Make the comparisons for yourself. After all, it’s your eyes.

Lisa’s story


'I'd read a lot of horror stories and was terrified' ... Lisa Jenkins

LISA JENKINS, 38, works in online sales and lives with her mother in Swansea. She says:

“I’ve been very short-sighted all my life and from the age of 14 I relied on contact lenses.

Then my eyes started to become irritated by the lenses and I had to start wearing glasses, which I hated.

I researched having laser eye surgery on the internet and decided to go to Optimax in Bristol at £2,000 for both eyes.

I’d read a lot of horror stories on the internet and was terrified something might go wrong and I’d go blind.

I lay down on what looked like a dentist’s chair and had anaesthetic drops put into my eyes. It only took a matter of minutes. I felt no pain at all and the consultant talked me through everything he was doing.

I stayed in a hotel overnight and my eyes were so sensitive I couldn’t put the bedroom light on.

Then a few hours later, to my amazement I could read the credits on the TV screen – the first time I’d been able to see anything without my glasses for years. I’m now thrilled I had it done and can see perfectly.”

Lucy’s story


'After surgery everything was blurry for two months' ... Lucy Schonegevel

LUCY SCHONEGEVEL, 25, from West Norwood, south London, is senior campaigns and policy officer at neonatal charity Bliss. She says:

“I was not told much about the procedure except that my eyes would be open and that I’d have to try to focus on a light throughout.

Halfway through my £2,800 op at Optical Express in January 2011 I started not being able to see. The surgeon started shouting at me to focus on the light which made me panic that things were going wrong.

After the surgery I was traumatised and there was a nurse who looked after me but the surgeon was unsympathetic. Everything was blurry and it took two months to die down.

After six months one of my eyes had perfect vision but the other was still -0.75. I was told it might improve or I might have to have follow-up surgery which, with my experience, I didn’t want to have. I had my last appointment a few months ago and my eyes are finally perfect.

I don’t regret having it done but I wish I’d been told more about it so I wouldn’t have worried so much that it hadn’t been done properly.”

Louise’s story


'I now have to wear glasses more than before surgery' ... Louise Waters has regrets

LOUISE WATERS, 46, a charity worker from Hove, East Sussex, paid £2,000 for surgery at Optical Express in March 2011. She says:

“I’ve been wearing glasses for about 15 years. Contact lenses didn’t agree with me so about two years ago I looked into surgery.

I had the op in central London and straight afterwards my eyes felt extremely uncomfortable but I’d been warned it would take time for it to settle, which it did after around 24 hours.

But my real concern was that, while my long distance vision was perfect, I couldn’t see anything close-up at all.

I complained to the clinic but they just stressed that in the small print it said the surgery was not guaranteed and the optician stressed he had said I might become short-sighted.

Considering the fact that I now have to wear glasses more than before, I wish I’d never gone to them.

My advice to anyone wanting the surgery would be to make sure they explain every possible outcome to you and the worst case scenario. If I’d been told that from the start I certainly wouldn’t have paid so much money for a pointless operation.”

Mark’s story


I have better than 20/20 vision ... Mark
SINGLE Mark Smith, 38, is a singer on cruise ships. He lives in Wednesbury, West Mids. He says:

“AFTER my surgery, my eyes were sore, running and stinging.

I had to take painkillers and my eyes felt very gritty but this was only for a short time.

I was short-sighted and I had found that my eyes were drying out in the evenings when I wore lenses.

As a singer on cruise ships, I have to stay up late so this was very inconvenient. In total, I spent £4,000 on my laser eye surgery. It sounds a lot but I am very pleased with the result.

I chose the “Elite” laser treatment at Ultralase in Birmingham, which is the most expensive but tailored exactly to your eye prescription.

I know you can have it done much more cheaply but there’s no way I would have my eyes cut with a scalpel or use a less accurate laser.

I now have better than 20/20 vision. I felt anxious beforehand but I didn’t feel any pain during the treatment.

As someone who couldn’t see past their hands from the age of ten, being able to wake up and see perfectly feels like a miracle.”

myView

By LYNSEY HAYWOOD, Sun Health Reporter

I’VE written a lot about laser eye surgery but until May this year I’d never been brave enough to have it done myself.

I had a pioneering new type of keyhole surgery called SMILE with Professor Reinstein at his Harley Street clinic.

It involves operating via a small incision at the side of the eye. A laser cuts a flap in the surface of the cornea and then the cornea is reshaped to improve your sight. It was over in minutes and healed in days.

Having the surgery has changed my life. There’s no more fiddling around with contact lenses or sore, dry eyes after long days in the office. But I went to the best. Before the procedure I went through hours of tests and dozens of scans to ensure the risks were minimal.

After going through the process, the thought of just wandering in to a clinic and having an op like this fills me with worry.

You might end up OK, you might not. Why take the risk?

Choosing a good surgeon at a reputable clinic is the difference between being safe and bulletproof.

For details about Prof Reinstein and the London Vision Clinic visit londonvisionclinic.com.

This Is A Sad Day For Philippine Basic Education

Only 8 members (mostly members of the Makabayan Coalition) of the Philippine House of Representatives voiced their opposition to DepEd's K to 12. With the approval of K to 12 by the House, the bill is now in front of the Senate. Judging from the overwhelming support of Congressmen, it is highly likely that the bill will likewise breeze through the Senate.


This blog shares some of the sentiments of the eight representatives of the Philippine people who opposed K to 12. Their reasons, which range from a lack of prioritization and false promises to a dearth of research evidence, are some of the important points that have been raised in this blog. 

It is therefore clear that the proposed DepEd K to 12 curriculum does not really address problems currently faced by basic education in the Philippines. Since K to 12 does not offer the solutions, this blog will continue to share information, resources and perspectives on how to improve Philippine basic education.